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Achieving equitable health in epilepsy requires addressing systemic barriers and social determinants of health to ensure that every person with epilepsy has the opportunity to attain their highest level of health. We review the literature on disparities that affect several minoritized groups living with epilepsy. Early solutions with the potential for modeling towards replication for low socioeconomic status population, non-English language preference communities, sexual and gender minorities, and rural and underserved communities with high social determinants of health burden are shared as examples to catalyze stakeholder investment in identifying and addressing health disparities across the spectrum of epilepsy at both the provider and health systems level.

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Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and iChem, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.

Fluorescence sensing is crucial to studying biological processes and diagnosing diseases, especially in the second near-infrared (NIR-II) window with reduced background signals. However, it's still a great challenge to construct "off-on" sensors when the sensing wavelength extends into the NIR-II region to obtain higher imaging contrast, mainly due to the difficult synthesis of spectral overlapped quencher. Here, we present a new fluorescence quenching strategy, which utilizes steric hindrance quencher (SHQ) to tune the molecular packing state of fluorophores and suppress the emission signal.

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Consciousness is thought to be regulated by bidirectional information transfer between the cortex and thalamus, but the nature of this bidirectional communication - and its possible disruption in unconsciousness - remains poorly understood. Here, we present two main findings elucidating mechanisms of corticothalamic information transfer during conscious states. First, we identify a highly preserved spectral channel of cortical-thalamic communication that is present during conscious states, but which is diminished during the loss of consciousness and enhanced during psychedelic states.

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Objective: The postsynaptic density protein of excitatory neurons PSD-95 is encoded by discs large MAGUK scaffold protein 4 (DLG4), de novo pathogenic variants of which lead to DLG4-related synaptopathy. The major clinical features are developmental delay, intellectual disability (ID), hypotonia, sleep disturbances, movement disorders, and epilepsy. Even though epilepsy is present in 50% of the individuals, it has not been investigated in detail.

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