Nonequilibrium systems are often characterized by the transport of some quantity at a macroscopic scale, such as, for instance, a current of particles through a wire. The asymmetric simple exclusion process (ASEP) is a paradigm for nonequilibrium transport that is amenable to exact analytical solution. In the present work, we determine the full statistics of the current in the finite size open ASEP for all values of the parameters. Our exact analytical results are checked against numerical calculations using density matrix renormalization group techniques.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.170601 | DOI Listing |
Nat Commun
January 2025
State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Nankai University 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, China.
The diverse utility of acyclic vinylsilanes has driven the interest in the synthesis of enantioenriched vinylsilanes bearing a Si-stereogenic center. However, the predominant approaches for catalytic asymmetric generation of Si-stereogenic vinylsilanes have mainly relied on transition metal-catalyzed reactions of alkynes with different silicon sources. Here we successfully realize the enantioselective synthesis of linear silicon-stereogenic vinylsilanes with good yields and enantiomeric ratios from simple alkenes under rhodium catalysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Spinal Cord Med
January 2025
Department of Research, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Bjørnemyr, Norway.
Objectives: Assess pateint-reported effects of transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS) on spasticity after multiple treatment.
Design: An uncontrolled prospective case series study.
Setting: A rehabilitation hospital.
J Am Chem Soc
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
Taming highly enolizable aldehydes for catalytic asymmetric C-C coupling with nucleophiles remains an elusive challenge compared to widely explored simple alkyl or aryl aldehydes. Herein, we use ThDP-dependent enzymes to realize the direct C-C coupling of highly enolizable 2-phosphonate aldehydes with in situ-generated dynamically reversible nucleophiles (acyl anions). Unlike NHC-mediated reactions that yield complex mixtures of multiple adducts, our enzymatic process selectively produces biologically active β-hydroxy phosphonates with high yields (up to 95%) and excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
January 2025
The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States.
Ni-catalyzed asymmetric reductive cross-coupling reactions provide rapid and modular access to enantioenriched building blocks from simple electrophile precursors. Reductive coupling reactions that can diverge through a common organometallic intermediate to two distinct families of enantioenriched products are particularly versatile but underdeveloped. Here, we describe the development of a bis(oxazoline) ligand that enables the desymmetrization of -anhydrides.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Sci Med Sport
December 2024
Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Japan.
Objectives: Although exercise-induced vascular adaptations have been extensively reported in racket sports athletes, the applicability of these findings to athletes in other overhead sports is unclear. This study aimed to investigate exercise-induced vascular adaptations in college male baseball players. Furthermore, since the training frequency of the upper arm may differ by baseball playing position, this study also focused on playing position-specific differences in brachial arterial adaptations.
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