Prescription opioid formulations designed to resist or deter abuse are an important step in reducing opioid abuse. In creating these new formulations, the paradigm of drug development target should be introduced. Biological targets relating to the nature of addiction may pose insurmountable hurdles based on our current knowledge and technology, but products that use behavioral targets seem logical and feasible. The population of opioid abusers is large and diverse so behavioral targets are more challenging than they appear at first glance. Furthermore, we need to find ways to correlate behavioral observations of drug liking to actual use and abuse patterns. This may involve revisiting some pharmacodynamic concepts in light of drug effect rather than peak concentration. In this paper we present several new opioid analgesic agents designed to resist or deter abuse using physical barriers, the inclusion of an opioid agonist or antagonist, an aversive agent, and a prodrug formulation. Further, this paper also provides insight into the challenges facing drug discovery in this field. Designing and screening for opioids intended to resist or deter abuse is an important step to meet the public health challenge of burgeoning prescription opioid abuse.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/282981 | DOI Listing |
Aust J Prim Health
January 2025
Drug and Alcohol Services, Northern Sydney Local Health District, NSW Health, St Leonards, NSW, Australia; and Specialty of Addiction Medicine, Northern Clinical School, The University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW, Australia; and National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Background Despite the paramount importance of oral health, individuals undergoing treatment for opioid use disorder face unique challenges beyond traditional addiction care. This qualitative study explores the challenges Opioid Treatment Program (OTP) clients in Australia encounter when accessing oral health care, aiming to understand the underlying factors and identify effective strategies for integrating oral health into an OTP. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with OTP clients, OTP clinicians and oral health clinicians using tested interview guides.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
December 2024
Collective for Midwifery, Child and Family Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.
Background: The mistreatment of women during maternity care hinders quality care globally and deter women from seeking health services. To implement necessary actions, it is essential to explore instances of mistreatment, their factors and negative outcomes. This study explores the narratives of mistreatment experienced by women, its drivers, as well as the consequences of mistreatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMMW Fortschr Med
December 2024
Heinrich-Braun-Klinikum Zwickau, ChA der Klinik f. Psychiatrie u. Psychotherapie, Karl-Keil-Str. 35, 8060, Zwickau, Deutschland.
Background: Many former top GDR athletes are still suffering from the consequences of the GDR doping system, which has so far been dealt with by the sports historian Giselher Spitzer in particular with questionnaire surveys. The present study analyzes medical reports of n = 107 recognized GDR doping victims, categorizes the symptoms in analogy to Spitzer's survey and compares both surveys.
Method: All specialist reports, hospital and rehabilitation stay reports of the recognized doping victims (56 ♀ , 51 ♂ ) provided were reviewed, analyzed, adapted to Spitzer's previously known rubrication, presented descriptively, tabularly and graphically and statistically tested (e.
J Gen Intern Med
November 2024
Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Background: Individuals with opioid use disorder have high rates of hospital admissions, which represent a critical opportunity to engage patients and initiate medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD). However, few patients receive MOUD and, even if MOUD is initiated in the hospital, patients may encounter barriers to continuing MOUD in the community.
Objective: Describe hospital providers' experiences and perspectives to inform initiatives and policies that support hospital-based MOUD initiation and continuation in community treatment programs.
Res Involv Engagem
October 2024
Faculty of Medical Sciences, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
Background: Working alongside patients and the public to shape and engage with research, Patient and Public Involvement and Engagement (PPIE), facilitates more impactful research outcomes. The UK Standards for Public Involvement provides a framework for conducting PPIE; however, they do not refer directly to ethical conduct. Research ethics involve the moral principles that govern researchers' actions, and securing ethical approval from a research ethics committee is necessary before starting a study.
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