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ESO-Based Non-Singular Terminal Filtered Integral Sliding Mode Backstepping Control for Unmanned Surface Vessels.
Sensors (Basel)
January 2025
College of Shipbuilding Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China.
Aiming at the control challenges faced by unmanned surface vessels (USVs) in complex environments, such as nonlinearities, parameter uncertainties, and environmental perturbations, we propose a non-singular terminal integral sliding mode control strategy based on an extended state observer (ESO). The strategy first employs a third-order linear extended state observer to estimate the total disturbances of the USV system, encompassing both external disturbances and internal nonlinearities. Subsequently, a backstepping sliding mode controller based on the Lyapunov theory is designed to generate the steering torque control commands for the USV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe New Italian Guidelines for Assisted Reproduction Technologies (ART): Ethical and Medico-Legal Issues.
Healthcare (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Health Care Surveillance and Bioethics, Section of Bioethics and Medical Humanities, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy.
On 20 March 2024, the Italian Minister of Health, in collaboration with the Italian National Institute of Health (Istituto Superiore di Sanità) and the National Health Council (Consiglio Superiore di Sanità), issued updated guidelines for assisted reproduction technologies (ART). They introduced two key changes: (1) permitting post-mortem embryo transfers, allowing a woman to proceed with the procedure after her male partner's death, and (2) permitting embryo transfer even if the male partner is alive but the relationship has ended. : This study explores the ethical and medico-legal challenges posed by the updated Italian ART Guidelines, with a specific focus on the complexities of informed consent and the ethical dilemmas introduced by these provisions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring volatility transmission in Capesize freight contracts: Insights from energy and commodity markets.
PLoS One
January 2025
School of Economics & Management, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China.
Analyzing the interactions between spot and time charter freight is crucial for the maritime industry. While numerous studies have explored the relationship between average freight indices and spillover effects, a gap remains in understanding the deeper connections between inter-regional shipping routes and chartering contracts. This research investigates the role of Capesize freight dynamics in shaping the regional dry bulk freight market, with a focus on the influence of energy and commodity price fluctuations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNational Consensus on the Assessment of Visual Function for Driving in Switzerland.
Klin Monbl Augenheilkd
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Purpose: To establish a national consensus on assessing visual function for fitness to drive in Switzerland.
Methods: The minimum medical requirements for visual function for fitness to drive are regulated by Swiss Federal Law, namely, by the Traffic Licensing Ordinance (TLO). The medical examination techniques relevant in this context and their assessment are not further specified therein, which leads to legal inequality among drivers and uncertainty among examiners.
Epilepsy and employment: A qualitative interview study with heads of human resources and occupational physicians in Austria - A call for legislative optimization according to the WHO Intersectoral Global Action Plan.
Epilepsia
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Neurocritical Care, and Neurorehabilitation, Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Member of European Reference Network EpiCARE, Christian Doppler University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
Objective: People with epilepsy (PWEs) often face difficulties in obtaining or keeping employment. To determine the views on this topic of the heads of human resources (HHRs) and occupational physicians (OCPs).
Method: Twelve HHRs and five OCPs underwent a telephone interview concerning the opportunities and limitations of job applications for PWEs.
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