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2-Site versus 3-site models of ATP hydrolysis by F-ATPase: definitive mathematical proof using combinatorics and conservation equations.
Theory Biosci
September 2024
Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India.
The F-ATPase enzyme is the smallest-known molecular motor that rotates in 120° steps, driven by the hydrolysis of ATP. It is a multi-subunit enzyme that contains three catalytic sites. A central question is how the elementary chemical reactions that occur in the three sites are coupled to mechanical rotation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFuel-Driven Dynamic Combinatorial Peptide Libraries.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
October 2024
School of Natural Sciences, Department of Bioscience, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany.
Dynamic combinatorial chemistry (DCC) creates libraries of molecules that are constantly interchanging in a dynamic combinatorial library. When a library member self-assembles, it can displace the equilibria, leading to emergent phenomena like its selection or even its replication. However, such dynamic combinatorial libraries typically operate in or close to equilibrium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIs foramen magnum decompression for acquired Chiari I malformation like putting a finger in the dyke? - A simplistic overview of artificial intelligence in assessing critical upstream and downstream etiologies.
J Craniovertebr Junction Spine
May 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Insight Institute of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience, Flint, MI, USA.
Article Synopsis
- The text discusses the challenges in diagnosing idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) and spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH), which can cause ongoing symptoms after Chiari malformation (CM) I surgery, and introduces the use of artificial intelligence (AI) to aid in this diagnosis through a new workflow called MaChiP 1.0.
- It emphasizes the importance of utilizing both upstream and downstream MRI findings to better identify and categorize Chiari malformation subtypes and related conditions, particularly utilizing upright imaging for better assessment.
- The authors outline a systematic review of relevant literature on machine learning in Chiari I malformation and propose specific MRI criteria to help differentiate between primary and secondary causes of the condition for improved diagnosis
Multilocus Distance-Regulated Sensor Array for Recognition of Polyphenols via Machine Learning and Indicator Displacement Assay.
Anal Chem
January 2024
State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211109, China.
Developing new strategies to construct sensor arrays that can effectively distinguish multiple natural components with similar structures in mixtures is an exceptionally challenging task. Here, we propose a new multilocus distance-modulated indicator displacement assay (IDA) strategy for constructing a sensor array, incorporating machine learning optimization to identify polyphenols. An 8-element array, comprising two fluorophores and their six dynamic covalent complexes () formed by pairing two fluorophores with three distinct distance-regulated quenchers, has been constructed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInterpreting Rhythm as Parsing: Syntactic-Processing Operations Predict the Migration of Visual Flashes as Perceived During Listening to Musical Rhythms.
Cogn Sci
December 2023
Digital and Cognitive Musicology Lab, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne.
Music can be interpreted by attributing syntactic relationships to sequential musical events, and, computationally, such musical interpretation represents an analogous combinatorial task to syntactic processing in language. While this perspective has been primarily addressed in the domain of harmony, we focus here on rhythm in the Western tonal idiom, and we propose for the first time a framework for modeling the moment-by-moment execution of processing operations involved in the interpretation of music. Our approach is based on (1) a music-theoretically motivated grammar formalizing the competence of rhythmic interpretation in terms of three basic types of dependency (preparation, syncopation, and split; Rohrmeier, 2020), and (2) psychologically plausible predictions about the complexity of structural integration and memory storage operations, necessary for parsing hierarchical dependencies, derived from the dependency locality theory (Gibson, 2000).
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