For many microscopy applications, millimeters-long free working distances (LWD) are required. However, the high resolution and contrast of LWD objectives operated in air are lost when introducing glass and/or liquid with the sample. We propose to use spatial light modulation to correct for such beam aberrations caused by refractive index mismatches. Focusing a monochromatic laser beam with a 10 mm working distance air objective (50×, 0.5 NA) through air, glass, and water, we manage to restore a sharp, intense focus (FWHM<2λ) by adaptive beam phase shaping. Our approach offers a practical and cost-effective route to high resolution and contrast microscopy using LWD air objectives, extending their usage beyond applications in air.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/AO.51.008034 | DOI Listing |
EClinicalMedicine
August 2024
Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Warneford Lane, Oxford, OX3 7JX, United Kingdom.
Background: While semaglutide, approved for type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is being investigated as a treatment for brain disorders, concerns over adverse neuropsychiatric events have emerged. More data are therefore needed to assess the effects of semaglutide on brain health. This study provides robust estimates of the risk of neurological and psychiatric outcomes following semaglutide use compared to three other antidiabetic medications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPersonal Ment Health
February 2025
University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
More work is needed to establish the validity of the Alternative Model of Personality Disorders (AMPD) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Acceptance of the AMPD as the primary model of personality disorder requires identifying neurocognitive validators of AMPD-defined personality functioning and demonstrating superiority of the AMPD over the traditional categorical model of personality disorder. It is also important to establish the utility of the AMPD in a developmental context given evidence that personality disorder emerges in adolescence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Med
January 2025
Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Background: Over the past decades, the prevalence of obesity among adults has rapidly increased, particularly in socioeconomically deprived urban neighbourhoods. To better understand the complex mechanisms behind this trend, we created a system map exposing the underlying system driving obesity prevalence in socioeconomically deprived urban neighbourhoods over the last three decades in the Netherlands.
Methods: We conducted Group Model Building (GMB) sessions with a group of thirteen interdisciplinary experts to develop a Causal Loop Diagram (CLD) of the obesogenic system.
BMC Med Imaging
January 2025
Electronics and Communications, Arab Academy for Science, Heliopolis, Cairo, 2033, Egypt.
Invasive breast cancer diagnosis and treatment planning require an accurate assessment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression levels. While immunohistochemical techniques (IHC) are the gold standard for HER2 evaluation, their implementation can be resource-intensive and costly. To reduce these obstacles and expedite the procedure, we present an efficient deep-learning model that generates high-quality IHC-stained images directly from Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stained images.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnat Sci Int
January 2025
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
The aim of this study was to define the branching patterns and innervation regions of the superficial branch of the radial nerve and the dorsal branch of the ulnar nerve and to evaluate the distance from 1-2, 3-4, 4-5, midcarpal radial, midcarpal ulnar, dorsal radioulnar joint, 6-radial, 6-ulnar dorsal arthroscopy portals to certain landmarks on the dorsal surface of the hand and wrist. Forty hands and wrists of 20 formalin-fixed intact cadavers without any known pathology, surgical scars or trauma were examined in the Macroscopy Laboratory of Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy. Arthroscopy portals were placed using a dorsal approach to the wrist in the dissection method.
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