We identified a novel class of triazolothienopyrimidine (TTPM) compounds as potent HIV-1 replication inhibitors during a high-throughput screening campaign that evaluated more than 200,000 compounds using a cell-based full replication assay. Herein, we report the optimization of the antiviral activity in a cell-based assay system leading to the discovery of aryl-substituted TTPM derivatives (38, 44, and 45), which exhibited significant inhibition of HIV-1 replication with acceptable safety margins. These novel and potent TTPMs could serve as leads for further development.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.10.134 | DOI Listing |
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
January 2025
Merck & Co., Inc, Rahway, New Jersey, USA.
The development of new and improved antiretroviral therapies that allow for alternative dosing schedules is needed for people living with HIV-1. Islatravir is a deoxyadenosine analog in development for the treatment of HIV-1 that suppresses HIV-1 replication via multiple mechanisms of action, including reverse transcriptase translocation inhibition and delayed chain termination. Islatravir is differentiated from other HIV-1 antiretrovirals by its high potency, long , broad tissue distribution, and favorable drug resistance profile.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMath Biosci Eng
December 2024
Department of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Merseburg, Eberhard-Leibnitz-Str. 2, D-06217 Merseburg, Germany.
In this article, we reconsider the classical target cell limited dynamical within-host HIV model, solely taking into account the interaction between $ {\rm{CD}}4^{+} $ T cells and virus particles. First, we summarize some analytical results regarding the corresponding dynamical system. For that purpose, we proved some analytical results regarding the system of differential equations as our first main contribution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFASN Neuro
January 2025
Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
People living with HIV (PLWH) experience HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), even though combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) suppresses HIV replication. HIV-1 transactivator of transcription (HIV-1 Tat) contributes to the development of HAND through neuroinflammatory and neurotoxic mechanisms. C-C chemokine 5 receptor (CCR5) is important in immune cell targeting and is a co-receptor for HIV viral entry into CD4+ cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Gen Virol
January 2025
Division of Infection and Immunity, UCL, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an exemplar virus, still the most studied and best understood and a model for mechanisms of viral replication, immune evasion and pathogenesis. In this review, we consider the earliest stages of HIV infection from transport of the virion contents through the cytoplasm to integration of the viral genome into host chromatin. We present a holistic model for the virus-host interaction during this pivotal stage of infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: -methyladenosine (m A) is the most prevalent cellular mRNA modification and plays a critical role in regulating RNA stability, localization, and gene expression. m A modification plays a vital role in modulating the expression of viral and cellular genes during HIV-1 infection. HIV-1 infection increases cellular RNA m A levels in many cell types, which facilitates HIV-1 replication and infectivity in target cells.
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