Ultrasound vibrometry can measure the propagation velocity of shear waves in soft tissue noninvasively, and the shear moduli of tissue can be estimated inversely from the velocities at multiple frequencies. It is possible to choose the appropriate model for tissue characterization from mathematical methods and analysis of model behaviors. The three classic models, Voigt, Maxwell, and Zener, were applied to fit the velocity measurements and estimate shear moduli of porcine livers with different thermal damage levels and different storage times. The Zener model always provided the best estimation of the moduli with the minimum errors in our experiments. Unlike the Voigt and Maxwell models, the moduli of the Zener model cannot be used to indicate damage levels in porcine livers directly, but the creep and relaxation behaviors of the Zener model are effective.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.7863/jum.2012.31.12.2001 | DOI Listing |
Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc
July 2024
Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE) is a phase-contrast imaging technique that allows for determination of mechanical properties of tissue in-vivo. Due to physiological and morphological changes leading to changes in tissue mechanical properties, MRE may be a promising imaging tool for detection of intervertebral disc degeneration. We therefore performed a preliminary study to determine the frequency dependent mechanical properties of the lumbar intervertebral discs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
February 2025
Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Instituto de Modelado e Innovación Tecnológica (CONICET-UNNE) and Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Naturales y Agrimensura, Avenida Libertad 5400, W3404AAS Corrientes, Argentina.
Quantum control techniques play an important role in manipulating and harnessing the properties of different quantum systems, including isolated atoms. Here, we propose to achieve quantum control over a single on-surface atomic spin using Landau-Zener-Stückelberg-Majorana (LZSM) interferometry implemented with scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Specifically, we model how the application of time-dependent, nonresonant ac electric fields across the STM tip-surface gap makes it possible to achieve precise quantum state manipulation in an isolated Fe^{2+} ion on a MgO/Ag(100) surface.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
January 2025
Hunan University, School of Physics and Electronics, Changsha 410082, China.
The Kibble-Zurek mechanism predicts a universal scaling behavior of the defect production when a system is slowly quenched across a critical phase transition point. Here, we discover that the universal scaling behavior across a higher-order topological phase transition does not conform to the traditional Kibble-Zurek mechanism. To explain the anomalous scaling exponent, we develop a solvable Landau-Zener model that takes into account the role of topological edge band that dominates the phase transition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Comput Chem
February 2025
Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
This study introduces a computational protocol for modeling the emission spectra of exciplexes using excited-state ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations. The protocol is applied to a model exciplex formed by oligo-p-phenylenes (OPPs) and triethylamine (TEA), which is of interest in the context of photocatalytic reduction of . AIMD facilitates efficient sampling of the conformational space of OPP3 and OPP4 exciplexes with TEA, offering a dynamic alternative to previously employed static methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Biomech (Bristol)
February 2025
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, 2350 Hayward St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, 200 Bonisteel Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States. Electronic address:
Background: The lower birth canal is the final constriction through which a fetal head must pass for delivery. Unfortunately, injuries to the lower birth canal tissues occur in up to 19 % of first-time vaginal deliveries due to the 300 % stretch required.
Methods: This is a secondary analysis of data from 56 healthy nullipara recorded by a lower birth canal dilator during the first stage of labor.
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