Background: Significant variability exists for the relative risk (RR) of testicular malignancy in isolated cryptorchidism.
Objective: To perform a meta-analysis to clarify the true magnitude of this risk, allowing clinicians to better counsel patients and their families.
Setting: Secondary research conducted by undergraduate researchers, clinical academics and a clinical statistician. DESIGN, DATA SOURCES, AND METHODS: A search of the English literature was performed for studies relating to testicular cancer and cryptorchidism, published between 1 January 1980 and 31 December 2010, using Embase and Medline databases. 735 papers were identified and analysed by four authors independently in accordance with our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Studies reporting an association between cryptorchidism and subsequent development of testicular malignancy were included. Genetic syndromes or other conditions which predisposed to the development of cryptorchidism were excluded. Pooled estimates and 95% CIs for the RRs were calculated.
Results: Nine case-control studies and three cohort studies were selected. The case-control studies included 2281 cases and 4811 controls. Cohort studies included 2 177 941 boys, with a total of 345 boys developing testicular cancer (total length of follow-up was 58 270 679 person-years). The pooled RR was 2.90 (95% CI 2.21 to 3.82) with significant heterogeneity (p<0.00001; I(2)=89%).
Conclusion: Boys with isolated cryptorchidism are three times more likely to develop testicular cancer. The limitations of this study must be acknowledged, in particular, possible publication bias and the lack of high-quality evidence focusing on the risk of malignancy in boys with isolated cryptorchidism.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2012-302051 | DOI Listing |
Even though Leydig cell tumor (LCT) represents the most common neoplasia among testicular sex cord-stromal tumors (SCSTs), it is a rare condition, comprising 1-2% of all testicular tumors, with a 10% risk of malignancy most commonly located in retroperitoneal lymph nodes. LCTs may demonstrate various clinical manifestations - from asymptomatic intratesticular swelling through nonspecific symptoms such as loss of libido, impotence or infertility, up to feminizing or virilizing syndromes due to hormonal activity of the tumor. This article presents a case of Leydig cell tumor that was associated with azoospermia what have rarely been reported worldwide.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Pharmacol
January 2025
Department of Physiology, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran.
Carvacrol is a common ingredient in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and perfume industries. It possesses various pharmaceutical properties including pain relief, anti-cell death, antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory effects. We investigated the protective impact of carvacrol on infertility caused by varicocele in rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUrol Case Rep
January 2025
Faculty member, Faculty of Medicine, Pathology Department, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic.
Leydig cell tumors (LCTs) are rare testicular neoplasms, representing 1-3% of all testicular tumors. A 65-year-old male presented with a painless left scrotal mass. Ultrasound revealed a 61 × 53 × 35 mm tumor with heterogeneous echogenicity and abundant blood supply.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUrology
January 2025
Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA. Electronic address:
This review examines the historical evolution of testicular cancer (TCa) treatment, emphasizing the transformative impact of World War II. Prior to the war, cases of more than 50 testicular tumors were exceedingly rare. The mobilization of American troops, especially after the German Blitz, resulted in widespread military health screenings, leading to a surge in incidental TCa diagnoses during the 1940s.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Hematop
January 2025
Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Testicular follicular lymphoma (TFL) is an exceedingly rare lymphoma that typically occurs in young male patients and is now recognized as a distinct diagnostic entity in the International Consensus Classification. TFL shows some clinicopathologic and genetic overlap with pediatric-type follicular lymphoma (PTFL). We report a case of TFL occurring in an otherwise healthy 4-year-old boy who presented with painless scrotal swelling.
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