Despite the recent advances in contemporary therapeutic, operative as well as supportive care sepsis and its associated co-morbidity/mortality are still a common occurrence in the critically ill trauma/surgical patient. Thus, it remains important to continue to expand our understanding of pathological components which drive the development of immune dysfunction contributing to subsequent multiple organ failure. Here we overview some of the immuno-pathological processes, cells and mediators which may play a role in the development of this immune dysfunctional condition.
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