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Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction: An Important Component of the Homeostatic Oxygen Sensing System.
Physiol Res
November 2024
Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) rapidly and reversibly matches lung ventilation (V) and perfusion (Q), optimizing oxygen uptake and systemic oxygen delivery. HPV occurs in small pulmonary arteries (PA), which uniquely constrict to hypoxia. Although HPV is modulated by the endothelium the core mechanism of HPV resides in PA smooth muscle cells (PASMC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe identification and quantification of soil heavy metal (HM) pollution sources and the identification of driving factors is a prerequisite of soil pollution control. In this paper, the Sabaochaqu Basin of the Tuotuo River, located in the Tibetan Plateau and the headwater of the Yangtze River, was selected as the study area. The soil pollution was evaluated using geochemical baseline, and the source apportionment of soil HMs was performed using absolute principal component score-multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR), edge analysis (UNMIX) and positive matrix decomposition (PMF).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPulmonary gas exchange in relation to exercise pulmonary hypertension in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.
Eur Respir J
November 2024
Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
Background: Exercise pulmonary hypertension (ePH), defined as a mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP)/cardiac output (Qc) slope >3 WU during exercise, is common in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). However, the pulmonary gas exchange-related effects of an exaggerated ePH (EePH) response are not well-defined, especially in relation to dyspnea on exertion (DOE) and exercise intolerance.
Methods: 48 HFpEF patients underwent invasive (pulmonary and radial artery catheters) constant-load (20W) and maximal incremental cycle testing.
Extended Weyl-Wigner phase-space framework for nonlinear systems: Typical and modified prey-predator-like dynamics.
Phys Rev E
September 2024
Departamento de Física e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
The extension of the phase-space Weyl-Wigner quantum mechanics to the subset of Hamiltonians in the form of H(q,p)=K(p)+V(q) [with K(p) replacing single p^{2} contributions] is revisited. Deviations from classical and stationary profiles are identified in terms of Wigner functions and Wigner currents for Gaussian and gamma/Laplacian distribution ensembles. The procedure is successful in accounting for the exact pattern of quantum fluctuations when compared with the classical phase-space pattern.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmunogenicity risk assessment and mitigation for engineered antibody and protein therapeutics.
Nat Rev Drug Discov
December 2024
Department of BioAnalytical Sciences, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA.
Remarkable progress has been made in recent decades in engineering antibodies and other protein therapeutics, including enhancements to existing functions as well as the advent of novel molecules that confer biological activities previously unknown in nature. These protein therapeutics have brought major benefits to patients across multiple areas of medicine. One major ongoing challenge is that protein therapeutics can elicit unwanted immune responses (immunogenicity) in treated patients, including the generation of anti-drug antibodies.
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