The division of medulloblastoma into different subgroups by microarray expression profiling has dramatically changed our perspective of this malignant childhood brain tumour. Now, the availability of next-generation sequencing and complementary high-density genomic technologies has unmasked novel driver mutations in each medulloblastoma subgroup. The implications of these findings for the management of patients are readily apparent, pinpointing previously unappreciated diagnostic and therapeutic targets. In this Review, we summarize the 'explosion' of data emerging from the application of modern genomics to medulloblastoma, and in particular the recurrent targets of mutation in medulloblastoma subgroups. These data are currently making their way into clinical trials as we seek to integrate conventional and molecularly targeted therapies.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3889646 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrc3410 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
DHODH Inhibition Suppresses and Inhibits the Growth of Medulloblastoma in a Novel In Vivo Zebrafish Model.
Cancers (Basel)
December 2024
Division of Pediatric Oncology and Pediatric Surgery, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
Background/objectives: Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common high-grade paediatric brain tumour, with group 3 MB patients having the worst prognosis. A high prevalence of group 3 tumours shows overexpression of the oncogene, making it a potential therapeutic target. However, attempts to directly inhibit have so far demonstrated limited success.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanopore Sequencing as a Cutting-Edge Technology for Medulloblastoma Classification.
Neuro Oncol
December 2024
Genetics Department, Institut Curie, Paris, France.
Background: Medulloblastoma (MB) is one of the most prevalent embryonal malignant brain tumors. Current classification organizes these tumors into four molecular subgroups (WNT, SHH, Group 3, and Group 4 MB). Recently, a comprehensive classification has been established, identifying numerous subtypes, some of which exhibit a poor prognosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSingle-cell multi-omics analysis identifies metabolism-linked epigenetic reprogramming as a driver of therapy-resistant medulloblastoma.
Res Sq
December 2024
Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most prevalent malignant brain tumor in children, exhibiting clinical and genomic heterogeneity. Of the four major subgroups, Group 3 tumors (MYC-MB), display high levels of MYC and metastasis rates. Despite treatment with surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, patients with Group 3 MB are more likely to develop aggressive recurrent tumors with poor survival.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenomic tumor evolution dictates human medulloblastoma progression.
Neurooncol Adv
October 2024
Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Background: Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common high-grade pediatric brain tumor, comprised of 4 main molecular subgroups-sonic-hedgehog (SHH), Wnt, Group 3, and Group 4. Group 3 and Group 4 tumors are the least characterized MB subgroups, despite Group 3 having the worst prognosis (~50% survival rate), and Group 4 being the most prevalent. Such poor characterization can be attributed to high levels of inter- and intratumoral heterogeneity, making it difficult to identify common therapeutic targets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOtoprotective Effects of Sodium Thiosulfate by Demographic and Clinical Characteristics: A Report From Children's Oncology Group Study ACCL0431.
Pediatr Blood Cancer
December 2024
Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Article Synopsis
- The ACCL0431 trial showed that sodium thiosulfate (STS) effectively reduces cisplatin-induced hearing loss in young patients aged 1-18.
- A secondary analysis revealed that the incidence of hearing loss was significantly lower in those receiving STS (22.4%) compared to those who were only observed (54.0%).
- The best protective effects of STS were seen in younger children (under 5 years) and those with specific cancers like neuroblastoma, indicating the need for tailored treatment strategies based on patient characteristics.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!