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Kisspeptin as a test of hypothalamic dysfunction in pubertal and reproductive disorders.
Andrology
January 2025
Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis is regulated by the gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse generator in the hypothalamus. This is comprised of neurons that secrete kisspeptin in a pulsatile manner to stimulate the release of GnRH, and, in turn, downstream gonadotropins from the pituitary gland, and subsequently sex steroids and gametogenesis from the gonads. Many reproductive disorders in both males and females are characterized by hypothalamic dysfunction, including functional disorders (such as age-related hypogonadism, obesity-related secondary hypogonadism, hyperprolactinemia, functional hypothalamic amenorrhea and polycystic ovary syndrome), structural pathologies (such as craniopharyngiomas or radiation or surgery-related hypothalamic dysfunction), and pubertal disorders (constitutional delay of growth and puberty and congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCutaneous vasculitis in systemic lupus erythematosus: epidemiology and risk factors over a 20-year follow-up.
Rheumatology (Oxford)
December 2024
Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Objectives: Cutaneous vasculitis (CV) is common in SLE, but the epidemiology and risk factors remain unclear. We aimed to identify the trends and risk factors for CV in patients with SLE over a period of 20 years.
Methods: The Birmingham Lupus Cohort is an observational longitudinal cohort of SLE patients.
Contribution of Sex Steroids in Management of Tall Stature: Is It Effective or Not?
Horm Res Paediatr
November 2024
Endocrinology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Introduction: Reduction in adult height by high-dose sex steroids was introduced decades ago. Here, we present the impact of lower doses of sex steroids on the predicted adult height (PAH) in children with tall stature.
Methods: This single-center retrospective observational study included 22 tall children treated with low-dose sex steroids.
Discharging the duty of candor following delayed post-endoscopy cancer diagnosis.
Endosc Int Open
November 2024
Department of Gastroenterology, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Endoscopic examination is not risk free. Not only are there well-known complications associated with the procedure, but malignant and pre-malignant lesions can be missed due to human factors or failures in organizational process. Duty of candor (DoC) is a legal requirement if significant harm occurs in delivery of healthcare.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBeyond the bench: LGBTQ+ health equity after India's "no same-sex marriage" verdict.
Lancet Reg Health Southeast Asia
November 2024
Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA.
LGBTQ+ people (e.g., lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer or questioning people) experience systemic marginalisation and discrimination globally and throughout India.
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