AI Article Synopsis
- Long-term exposure to arsenic is a serious health issue, but not much research has focused on how it affects kidneys, especially in American Indians living in rural areas.
- A study looked at 3,821 American Indian adults aged 45-74 to see how their urine arsenic levels related to kidney health, particularly albuminuria, which is a sign of kidney damage.
- Results showed that higher levels of arsenic in urine were linked to higher rates of albuminuria, meaning more people had kidney problems when exposed to more arsenic.
Article Abstract
Background: Long-term arsenic exposure is a major global health problem. However, few epidemiologic studies have evaluated the association of arsenic with kidney measures. Our objective was to evaluate the cross-sectional association between inorganic arsenic exposure and albuminuria in American Indian adults from rural areas of Arizona, Oklahoma, and North and South Dakota.
Study Design: Cross-sectional. SETTING & PARTIPANTS: Strong Heart Study locations in Arizona, Oklahoma, and North and South Dakota. 3,821 American Indian men and women aged 45-74 years with urine arsenic and albumin measurements.
Predictor: Urine arsenic.
Outcomes: Urine albumin-creatinine ratio and albuminuria status.
Measurements: Arsenic exposure was estimated by measuring total urine arsenic and urine arsenic species using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) and high-performance liquid chromatography-ICPMS, respectively. Urine albumin was measured by automated nephelometric immunochemistry.
Results: The prevalence of albuminuria (albumin-creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g) was 30%. Median value for the sum of inorganic and methylated arsenic species was 9.7 (IQR, 5.8-15.6) μg per gram of creatinine. Multivariable-adjusted prevalence ratios of albuminuria (albumin-creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g) comparing the 3 highest to lowest quartiles of the sum of inorganic and methylated arsenic species were 1.16 (95% CI, 1.00-1.34), 1.24 (95% CI, 1.07-1.43), and 1.55 (95% CI, 1.35-1.78), respectively (P for trend <0.001). The association between urine arsenic and albuminuria was observed across all participant subgroups evaluated and was evident for both micro- and macroalbuminuria.
Limitations: The cross-sectional design cannot rule out reverse causation.
Conclusions: Increasing urine arsenic concentrations were cross-sectionally associated with increased albuminuria in a rural US population with a high burden of diabetes and obesity. Prospective epidemiologic and mechanistic evidence is needed to understand the role of arsenic as a kidney disease risk factor.
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|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3578134 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2012.09.011 | DOI Listing |
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