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Introduction: Diagnosing dementia remains challenging in low-income settings due to limited diagnostic options and the absence of definitive biomarkers. The use of brain MRI in the diagnosis of dementia is infrequent in Uganda, and even when it is used, subtle findings like mild regional atrophy are often overlooked, despite being crucial for imaging diagnosis.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions and practices of imaging personnel and physicians regarding the use of brain MRI as a diagnostic approach for dementia in Uganda.
The integration of optimizing train timetables with EMU route plans.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Institute of Transport Planning Research, China Railway Design Corporation, Tianjin, China.
Generally, to address the resource management issues in high-speed railway operations, particularly in the context of large-scale networked high-speed train transportation organizations, a phased optimization approach is introduced. This approach divides the problem into two stages: the high-speed train timetabling and the planning of Electric Multiple Unit (EMU) route. The lack of direct integration between these stages has hindered the flexible and efficient utilization of line capacity and EMU resources based on large-scale network, limiting the potential for mutual compensation and coordination among different types of resources across different regions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMobile clinics routing and scheduling in the Witzenberg region of South Africa.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Health and Wellness, Cape Winelands District, Ceres, South Africa.
Despite much literature on operations research applied to various healthcare problems, impactful implementation in public healthcare is limited, which often results in allocative inefficiency. This article uses a mobile clinic routing and scheduling problem in the Witzenberg region of South Africa as a case study to demonstrate the improvement of implementation success through cross-disciplinary collaboration, and also to propose a new three-stage approach for modelling a mobile clinic problem that incorporates continuity of care, fairness, and minimisation of distance travelled. Mobile clinics are used in many countries to improve access to healthcare for rural communities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLeveraging haplotype information in heritability estimation and polygenic prediction.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Polygenic prediction has yet to make a major clinical breakthrough in precision medicine and psychiatry, where the application of polygenic risk scores is expected to improve clinical decision-making. Most widely used approaches for estimating polygenic risk scores are based on summary statistics from external large-scale genome-wide association studies, which rely on assumptions of matching data distributions. This may hinder the impact of polygenic risk scores in modern diverse populations due to small differences in genetic architectures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSynergistic allocation of carbon emission and energy quotas: A balancing act under carbon peaking constraints.
J Environ Manage
January 2025
School of Business, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China. Electronic address:
Carbon emissions quotas (CEQ) and energy quotas (EQ) have been recognized as effective policy tools for promoting energy conservation and emission reduction. However, existing methods have considerable limitations in meeting the phased requirements of carbon peaking constraints and synergistically allocating EQ and CEQ. Therefore, we propose a synergistic allocation method for CEQ and EQ to balance economic development and environmental sustainability under carbon peak constraints.
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