Local flaps may be required to reconstruct defects on the face, neck, and scalp. Occasionally, delay techniques are indicated to reduce the risk for flap ischemia and subsequent necrosis. Delay may be employed before the flap is raised, as done to improve blood supply to a random flap when length to breadth proportions are not ideal, or after the flap is raised and before separation of the pedicle in the final reconstructive step to improve vascularity in the distal end of an interpolation flap. We present our techniques and results of delay procedures for interpolation and similar flaps.
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PLoS One
January 2025
Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America.
Background: Early initiation of treatment for lung cancer has been shown to improve patient survival. The present study investigates disparities in time to treatment initiation of invasive lung cancer within and between Black and White patients in Tennessee.
Methods: A population-based registry data of 42,970 individuals (Black = 4,480 and White = 38,490) diagnosed with invasive lung cancer obtained from the Tennessee Cancer Registry, 2005-2015, was analyzed.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Clinical Support Services, Division of Laboratory and Pathology Medicine, Uganda Cancer Institute, Kampala, Uganda.
The detection of Estrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR), and Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) is important for the stratification of breast cancer and the selection of therapeutic modalities. This study aimed to determine the quantitative expression of ER, PR and HER-2 using Immunohistochemistry and their correlation with quantitative baseline Ct values measured using Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). This study also assessed the use of fresh breast tissue biopsies preserved in RNAlater solution in the quantitative detection of these receptors using PCR technique.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Department of Electrical Power and Machines Engineering, Higher Institute of Engineering (HIE), El-Shorouk Academy, El-Shorouk City, Egypt.
Enhancing the performance of 5ph-IPMSM control plays a crucial role in advancing various innovative applications such as electric vehicles. This paper proposes a new reinforcement learning (RL) control algorithm based twin-delayed deep deterministic policy gradient (TD3) algorithm to tune two cascaded PI controllers in a five-phase interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (5ph-IPMSM) drive system based model predictive control (MPC). The main purpose of the control methodology is to optimize the 5ph-IPMSM speed response either in constant torque region or constant power region.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Vis
January 2025
Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
Active object recognition, fundamental to tasks like reading and driving, relies on the ability to make time-sensitive decisions. People exhibit a flexible tradeoff between speed and accuracy, a crucial human skill. However, current computational models struggle to incorporate time.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer Immunol Immunother
January 2025
National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
Combination immune checkpoint inhibitors (nivolumab and ipilimumab) are currently a first-line treatment for mesothelioma; however, not all patients respond. The efficacy of treatment is influenced by the tumor microenvironment. Murine mesothelioma tumors were irritated with various radiotherapy doses.
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