Statistics plays a vital role in biomedical research. It helps present data precisely and draws the meaningful conclusions. While presenting data, one should be aware of using adequate statistical measures. In biomedical journals, Standard Error of Mean (SEM) and Standard Deviation (SD) are used interchangeably to express the variability; though they measure different parameters. SEM quantifies uncertainty in estimate of the mean whereas SD indicates dispersion of the data from mean. As readers are generally interested in knowing the variability within sample, descriptive data should be precisely summarized with SD. Use of SEM should be limited to compute CI which measures the precision of population estimate. Journals can avoid such errors by requiring authors to adhere to their guidelines.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3487226 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2229-3485.100662 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
A simple model of the rheological curve of HPAM solutions at different temperatures.
Sci Rep
December 2024
Laboratorio de Fluidodinámica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Buenos Aires/CONICET, Paseo Colón 850 CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
The oil and gas industry faces two significant challenges, including rising global temperatures and depletion of reserves. Enhanced recovery techniques such as polymer flooding have positioned themselves as an alternative that attracts international attention thanks to increased recovery factors with low emissions. However, existing physical models need further refinement to improve predictive accuracy and prevent design failures in polymer flooding projects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProteomics-Based Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor Levels Are Associated With Incident Heart Failure Risk.
JACC Adv
January 2025
Emory University School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Background: Higher soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) levels are associated with adverse outcomes in chronic heart failure (HF).
Objectives: The authors assessed the association between proteomics-based suPAR levels and incident HF risk in the general population.
Methods: In 40,418 UK Biobank participants without HF or coronary artery disease at enrollment, the association between Olink-based suPAR levels measured as relative protein expression levels and incident all-cause, ischemic, and nonischemic HF was analyzed by competing-risk regression, while accounting for all-cause death as a competing risk.
The ADHD Assessment Quality Assurance Standard for Children and Teenagers (CAAQAS).
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat
December 2024
Fulbourn Hospital, Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Foundation NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK.
Around 5% of the children and teenagers worldwide are affected by Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder [ADHD], making it a major public health concern. Recently, demand for assessments has substantially increased, putting strain on healthcare and waiting lists. There is concern that pressure to clear service bottlenecks is leading to variable quality and reliability of ADHD assessments in this population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVariants in associated with cancer and rare developmental and epileptic encephalopathy.
Front Pediatr
December 2024
Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
RHOBTB2 is a member of the Rho GTPases subfamily of signaling proteins, known tumor suppressors whose loss of function and decreased expression is associated with cancer onset. Beyond its cancer-related role, RHOBTB2 is implicated in rare neurodevelopmental disorders, specifically -related disorders, recognized in 2018 as a subtype of developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEE). Common symptoms of these disorders include early-onset epilepsy, severe intellectual disability, microcephaly, and movement disorders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVIPAS39 related arthrogryposis-renal dysfunction-cholestasis syndrome-case report and systematic review.
Orphanet J Rare Dis
December 2024
Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Background: Arthrogryposis-renal dysfunction-cholestasis (ARC) syndrome, a rare autosomal recessive disorder, exhibits genetic heterogeneity with the VIPAS39 gene pathological variants being a distinct contributor.
Results: We present two related patients from Kosovo, describing the clinical, genetic, and therapeutic aspects of the syndrome. The identified novel VIPAS39 pathological variants (c.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!