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Six months of chemotherapy using current agents is standard of care for pulmonary, drug-sensitive tuberculosis (TB), even though some are believed to be cured more rapidly and others require longer therapy. Understanding what factors determine the length of treatment required for durable cure in individual patients would allow individualization of treatment durations, provide better clinical tools to determine the of appropriate duration of new regimens, as well as reduce the cost of large Phase III studies to determine the optimal combinations to use in TB control programs. We conducted a randomized clinical trial in South Africa and China that recruited 704 participants with newly diagnosed, drug-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis and stratified them based on radiographic disease characteristics as assessed by FDG PET/CT scan readers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFType and physical intensity of occupations at pulmonary TB diagnosis.
IJTLD Open
January 2025
Respiratory Epidemiology & Clinical Research Unit, Centre for Outcomes Research & Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Background: Pulmonary TB (PTB) predominantly affects individuals of working age. We sought to characterise the occupations of people newly diagnosed with PTB in Karachi, Pakistan, by type and physical intensity.
Design/methods: We did a secondary analysis of data from a study evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence-based chest X-ray (CXR) analysis software, where individuals had been evaluated for active PTB using sputum cultures and had provided information on occupation.
Background: Drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) remains a public health concern in Kenya, with an estimated 2,500 individuals acquiring DR-TB annually. Despite significant progress in DR-TB management, the treatment success rate (TSR) in 2021 stood at 77%, falling short of the 85% target. This low TSR occurs amidst a complex range of treatment challenges, including psychosocial factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRetrospective Evaluation of Combined Anterior and Posterior Surgery with Autologous Tricortical Iliac and Rib Bone Grafting for Severe Kyphotic Deformity in Thoracic Spinal Tuberculosis.
Neurochirurgie
January 2025
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Panzhihua Central Hospital, Sichuan Province, Panzhihua City, 617067, China. Electronic address:
Background: Spinal tuberculosis is a common cause of spinal deformity and neurological dysfunction, with surgical treatment being crucial in severe cases. This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of combined anterior and posterior surgery with autologous tricortical iliac bone and rib grafting for treating spinal tuberculosis.
Methods: We included 61 patients with thoracic tuberculosis, who underwent a surgical procedure involving initial posterior correction, followed by anterior debridement and reconstruction with autologous tricortical iliac bone and rib grafts.
Antimycobacterial activity of luteolin in resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates and cytotoxicity on L929 cells.
Microb Pathog
January 2025
Department of Medical Microbiology, Inonu University, Malatya, Türkiye. Electronic address:
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) bacteria can cause oxidative stress and the production of inflammatory cytokines, creating an environment that enhances tumour formation, progression and metastasis. Epidemiological studies have found a link between lung cancer and tuberculosis (TB), but the cellular mechanism is still unclear.
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