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Microbial colonization programs are structured by breastfeeding and guide healthy respiratory development.
Cell
September 2024
Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Manitoba Interdisciplinary Lactation Centre (MILC), Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- The study examined how breastfeeding and microbial colonization in infants are related to respiratory health, specifically asthma risk, by analyzing data from over 2,200 children.
- Researchers discovered that early cessation of breastfeeding can lead to the early introduction of certain harmful microbes linked to immune issues and asthma, while extended breastfeeding supports healthier microbial development.
- The findings emphasize the significance of prolonged breastfeeding for better respiratory health in children and point to potential new targets for interventions aimed at preventing asthma.
Article Synopsis
- * Initial results suggested a protective effect of vaccination against SAB within certain time periods, but this effect diminished when extending the observation to later dates.
- * The findings indicate that the timing and method of surveillance significantly influence the perceived relationship between vaccination and SAB, with no clear association observed when using a time-dependent model.
Conceptual design of a GEM (gas electron multiplier) based gas Cherenkov detector for measurement of 17 MeV gamma rays from T(D, γ)He in magnetic confinement fusion plasmas.
Rev Sci Instrum
January 2023
Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi, CNR, Milano, Italy.
The only method for assessing the fusion power throughput of a deuterium-tritium (DT) reactor presently relies on determining the absolute number of 14 MeV neutrons produced in the DT plasma. An independent method, developed and investigated during the recent DT campaign at the Joint European Torus, is based on the absolute counting of 17 MeV gamma rays produced by the competing T(D, γ)He reaction that features a very weak branching ratio (about 3-6 × 10) when compared to the main T(D, n)He reaction. The state-of-the-art spectrometer used for gamma-ray measurements in magnetic confinement fusion plasmas is LaBr(Ce) scintillator detectors, although they require significant neutron shielding to extract a relatively weak gamma-ray signal from a much more abundant neutron field.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThoracic surgery in patients on veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for COVID-19 associated acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Perfusion
May 2023
Division of Thoracic Surgery, Royal Brompton Hospital, The Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has generated a new type of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) arising as a complication of COVID-19 pneumonia. Extreme cases require the support of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Here we present the outcomes of patients that underwent surgical tracheostomy or thoracic surgery at a single tertiary centre whilst on ECMO support for COVID-19 related ARDS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Azithromycin has been proposed as a treatment for COVID-19 on the basis of its immunomodulatory actions. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of azithromycin in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19.
Methods: In this randomised, controlled, open-label, adaptive platform trial (Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy [RECOVERY]), several possible treatments were compared with usual care in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 in the UK.
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