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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00134-012-2736-4DOI Listing

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Article Synopsis
  • Propionic acidemia (PA) is a rare genetic metabolic disorder that can lead to serious health issues like hyperammonemia and neurological complications, particularly in newborns.
  • A case study of an eight-month-old boy showed how respiratory symptoms from a viral infection masked underlying neurological deficits related to PA, including hypotonia and weakness.
  • The need for careful monitoring and additional investigations is highlighted, as acute illnesses can obscure other significant metabolic problems and complicate diagnosis and treatment.
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There is limited information about sodium valproate-induced hyperammonaemia encephalopathy (VPAIHE). The aim of this case report is to provide medical practitioners with a greater awareness of the possible development of hyperammonaemia due to sodium valproate use and its associated complications.This paper describes a middle-aged man with a history of bipolar affective disorder who was admitted with a manic relapse secondary to medication non-compliance.

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Background/objective: To illustrate an unusual case of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) developing many years after the diagnosis of hyperinsulinism hyperammonemia (HI/HA) syndrome.

Case Report: This article reports about a 36-year-old female with a history of congenital hyperinsulinism due to HI/HA syndrome, which was diagnosed in infancy. The patient presented with hypoglycemia and seizures as an infant and was treated with diazoxide and a low-protein diet for many years with reduction in her hypoglycemic events.

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Mechanistically, the symptomatology and disease progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remain poorly understood, which makes therapeutic progress difficult. In this review, we focus on the potential importance of decreased urea cycle activity as a pathogenic mechanism. Urea synthesis is an exclusive hepatic function and is the body's only on-demand and definitive pathway to remove toxic ammonia.

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Hyperammonemic encephalopathy (HE) can be broadly defined as an alteration in the level of consciousness due to elevated blood ammonia level. While hepatic cirrhosis is the most common cause of HE, non-hepatic causes like drugs, infections, and porto-systemic shunts can also lead to the presentation. In this case, we highlight an unusual occurrence of recurrent non-cirrhotic HE from obstructive urinary tract infection (UTI) with urea-splitting micro-organisms in an elderly male patient.

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