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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00421-012-2528-0 | DOI Listing |
PNAS Nexus
January 2025
Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA.
What constitutes enough evidence to make a decision? While this is an important question across multiple domains, it takes on special importance in the US legal system, where jurors and judges are instructed to apply specific burdens of proof to render life-changing decisions. Civil trials use a preponderance of evidence (PoE) threshold to establish liability, while criminal trials require proof beyond a reasonable doubt (BaRD) to convict. It is still unclear, however, how laypeople interpret and apply these decision thresholds and how these standards compare to people's intuitive belief (IB) of what constitutes enough evidence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Fourth Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beihai, 536000, China.
Slab windows represent regions within the mantle that are largely devoid of slab material, facilitating direct communication between the mantle above and below the subducting slab. This unprecedented interaction disrupts the conventional material-energy exchange mechanisms between the subducted slab and mantle wedge, giving rise to anomalous heat flow, distinct magmatism, metamorphism, and geophysical features. Geochemical analyses of samples collected from the southern margin of the Parece-Vela Basin have illuminated the magmatic processes associated with a slab window.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Thorac Surg
January 2025
Thoracic Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
Background: The use of local consolidative therapy (LCT) in patients with oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is rapidly evolving, with a preponderance of data supporting the benefits of such therapeutic approaches incorporating pulmonary resection for appropriately selected candidates. However, practices vary widely institutionally and regionally, and evidence-based guidelines are lacking.
Methods: The Society of Thoracic Surgeons assembled a panel of thoracic surgical oncologists to evaluate and synthesize the available evidence regarding the role of pulmonary resection as LCT.
Sex Reprod Health Matters
January 2025
Formerly Scientist, Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research (which includes the Human Reproduction Programme), World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
More than 650 million women alive today were married as children. Relative to efforts to prevent child marriage, efforts to support child brides have received much less attention. This review set out to map and describe interventions that support child brides.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Opin Urol
December 2024
Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Purpose Of Review: Men face distinctive health-related challenges as a result of biological, behavioral, and sociocultural factors. In addition, the modern healthcare system does not offer men equal opportunities and options to ensure sex-specific access and delivery to health services. Men's health concerns are, indeed, often not addressed or even forgotten.
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