Electrical pacemaker as a safe and feasible method for decreasing the uterine contractions of human preterm labor.

Aim: The aim of the study was to test the safety and feasibility of a system designed to decrease the uterine contractions of human preterm labor using a weak electrical current.

Methods: Patients in preterm labor had an electrode catheter placed in the posterior vaginal fornix and attached to an electrical pacemaker. Contraction intervals were determined during the 60-min study, in which minutes 0-20 was the preintervention control period (C1); 21-40 was the electrical intervention (EI), with a 10-s burst of current administered just before each expected contraction; and 41-60 was the postintervention control (C2). Mean intervals were calculated and compared mixed-model ANOVA.

Results: Five patients were studied. No maternal or fetal vital sign irregularities were seen. All the babies had a normal neonatal intensive care unit stay for gestational age. The respective mean contraction intervals for C1, EI, and C2 and their within- and between-subject standard deviations were 4.64 (±0.81, ±2.45), 5.71 (±3.03, ±1.62), and 3.83 (±0.83, ±1.31) min. There was a significant difference between EI and C2 (P=0.0078) and no difference between C1 and C2 or between EI and C1 (P=0.1373).

Conclusions: EI appears to be a safe and feasible method for decreasing preterm contractions. To confirm and test effectiveness, longer interventions and additional cases are needed.