Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by a progressive lymphocytic infiltration of the exocrine glands with varying degrees of systemic involvement. Overt or latent renal tubular acidosis (RTA), caused by tubulointerstitial nephropathy, is a common extraglandular manifestation of pSS. Hypokalemic paralysis is a well known, albeit rare complication of severe distal RTA from any cause. Cases of pSS manifesting for the first time as hypokalemic paralysis caused by distal RTA have been rarely reported. We herein present our experience of two cases, who presented to us for evaluation of hypokalemic paralysis and on work up found evidence of distal RTA, which on further work up found to be secondary to pSS. A high index of suspicion for pSS should be kept in all patients with hypokalemic paralysis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2230-8210.100684 | DOI Listing |
Muscle Nerve
December 2024
Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Introduction/aims: Primary hypokalemic periodic paralysis (HypoPP) can present with periodic paralysis and/or permanent muscle weakness. Permanent weakness is accompanied by fat replacement of the muscle. It is unknown whether the permanent muscle weakness is solely due to fat replacement or if other factors affect the ability of the remaining muscle fibers to contract.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Thyrotoxic hypokalemic periodic paralysis (THPP) is a rare but severe complication of hyperthyroidism characterized by acute muscle weakness. This study reports the first case of THPP in an adolescent with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and Graves' disease, triggered by high-dose insulin, high carbohydrate intake, and strenuous exercise. It highlights the clinical presentation, management, and implications of THPP in this context.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
November 2024
Emergency Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, USA.
Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP) is a rare but significant complication of hyperthyroidism, characterized by episodes of muscle weakness or paralysis and associated hypokalemia. This case report details a 30-year-old Latin American male with a history of Graves' disease, presenting with acute muscle weakness and hypokalemia. The patient reported transient episodes of weakness over recent weeks, culminating in a severe episode prompting emergency evaluation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
November 2024
Emergency Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, IND.
One type of hypokalemic periodic paralysis that is associated with hyperthyroidism is called thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP). TPP can be linked to any cause of hyperthyroidism, although Graves' disease is the most common cause. This sporadic variant of hypokalaemic periodic paralysis, thyrotoxic periodic paralysis, is characterized by rapid onset weakness in the proximal muscles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurol Genet
December 2024
From the Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
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