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<PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">23087458</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2012</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>23</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2022</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>17</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">0976-2817</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>56</Volume><Issue>4</Issue><PubDate><Year>2012</Year><Month>Jul</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Indian journal of anaesthesia</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Indian J Anaesth</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>The effect on post-operative pain of intravenous clonidine given before induction of anaesthesia.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>359</StartPage><EndPage>364</EndPage><MedlinePgn>359-64</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.4103/0019-5049.100817</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Treatment of acute post-thoracotomy pain is particularly important not only to keep the patient comfortable but also to minimize pulmonary complications.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="AIM" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">This study was designed to test the effect of pre-induction administration of clonidine, given as a single intravenous dose, on post-operative pain scores and fentanyl consumption in patients after thoracic surgery.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="SETTING AND DESIGN" NlmCategory="METHODS">Tertiary referral centre. Prospective, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">Sixty patients were randomly allocated to receive clonidine (3 mcg/kg) or saline pre-operatively before induction of anaesthesia. The primary endpoint was pain on coughing (visual analogue scale (VAS) 0-100 mm) 120 min after surgery, time to first analgesic injection in the post-anaesthesia care unit (PACU) and 24-h fentanyl consumption.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="STATISTICAL ANALYSIS" NlmCategory="METHODS">For between-group comparisons, t-test and U-test were used as appropriate after checking normality of distribution. The incidence of complications between the groups was compared by Fisher's exact test.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">The post-operative VAS for the first 120 min and the fentanyl consumption at 24 h was significantly greater in the placebo group compared with the clonidine group (P&lt;0.05). The sedation score was increased in the clonidine group during study drug infusion, but did not differ significantly on admission to the PACU.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">A single intravenous dose of clonidine (3 mcg/kg) given before induction of anaesthesia significantly reduced the post-operative VAS score in the initial period and fentanyl consumption during 24 h after thoracic surgery.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Samantaray</LastName><ForeName>Aloka</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Anaesthesiology &amp; Critical Care, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, SVIMS University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rao</LastName><ForeName>Mangu Hanumantha</ForeName><Initials>MH</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chandra</LastName><ForeName>Abha</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>India</Country><MedlineTA>Indian J Anaesth</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>0013243</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0019-5049</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Analgesics</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">clonidine</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">non-narcotic</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">pain</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">post-operative</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">surgery</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">thoracic</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement><b>Conflict of Interest:</b> None declared</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2012</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>23</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2012</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>23</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2012</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>23</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>1</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pmc-release"><Year>2012</Year><Month>7</Month><Day>1</Day></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23087458</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC3469914</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.4103/0019-5049.100817</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">IJA-56-359</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Sabanathan S, Eng J, Mearns AJ. 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