Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
Published: September 2013
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Objectives: The liver-secreted protein fetuin-A is associated with insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis. We examined the effect of caloric restriction (CR) on fetuin-A levels and concomitant changes in hepatic steatosis and cardiovascular risk factors in rats and humans.
Design And Subjects: We performed a randomized, controlled clinical trial to examine circulating fetuin-A levels and cardiovascular risk parameters including visceral fat area (VFA), atherogenic lipid profile, inflammatory markers, adipokines levels and brachial artery endothelial function in 76 overweight women with type 2 diabetes before and after 12 weeks of CR. In addition, the effects of CR on hepatic steatosis and fetuin-A mRNA expression were evaluated in Otuska Long Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats, an animal model of obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Results: Circulating fetuin-A levels were significantly decreased after 12 weeks of CR and were accompanied by improvements in VFA, blood pressure, glucose, lipid profiles and liver function. The CR group also showed a significant decrease in apolipoprotein B, leptin and insulin resistance compared to those in the control group, although endothelial function was not different. Multiple regression analysis showed that the changes in fetuin-A levels were independently associated with CR and changes in hsCRP and adiponectin (R² = 0·156). Moreover, CR significantly reduced hepatic steatosis and fetuin-A expression, as well as weight, glucose, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels, in OLETF rats.
Conclusion: Caloric restriction significantly reduced the hepatic expression of fetuin-A and its circulating levels and improved several cardiovascular risk factors in obese rats and humans with type 2 diabetes.
Objective: The effectiveness and safety of the short-interfering RNA drug inclisiran in lowering patients' lipoprotein cholesterol levels to lower their risk of cardiovascular disease are presently being investigated. Based on the real-world adverse event report record in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System, this article explores the occurrence and risk of adverse events during inclisiran treatment.
Research Design And Methods: We retrieved and screened all available data from the Food and Drug Administration website for the period from 2009 to the third quarter of 2023.
Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre University Health Network, 700 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1Z5, Canada.
Purpose: In early-stage breast cancer, steatotic liver disease (SLD) is associated with increased recurrence, cardiovascular events, and non-cancer death. Endocrine therapy (ET) increases the risk of SLD. The impact of cyclin-dependent kinases 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) on SLD and prognostic association in metastatic breast cancer is unknown.
Objective: We have shown that men aged 50 years+ at high risk of type 2 diabetes treated with testosterone together with a lifestyle program reduced the risk of type 2 diabetes at two years by 40% compared to a lifestyle program alone. To develop a personalized approach to treatment, we aimed to explore a prognostic model for incident type 2 diabetes at two years and investigate biomarkers predictive of the testosterone effect.
Design: Model development in 783 men with impaired glucose tolerance but not type 2 diabetes from T4DM; a multicenter, 2-year trial of Testosterone vs placebo.
Background: Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a low-density lipoprotein variant with atherogenic, thrombogenic, and pro-inflammatory properties that may have numerous pathologic effects, including dyslipidemia. Screening for Lp(a) is clinically significant, due to its causal role in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Among clinicians, however, there remains a general lack of both clinical awareness of Lp(a) and adequate tools to track Lp(a) testing in patients.
Objective: Secondhand smoke (SHS) is a strong but comparatively controllable cardiometabolic risk factor. This study aims to assess the present and future burden of cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) from SHS exposure.
Methods: Using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) framework, we examined mortality and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) from CMDs attributable to SHS, by age, sex, and year, including cardiovascular disease [CVD, ischemic heart disease (IHD) and/or stroke], and/or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) from 1990 to 2019.
