Reassortment of influenza viruses in nature has been well documented. Genetic reassortment plays a key role in emergence of new influenza A strains, including pandemic viruses. Permissive host can be simultaneously coinfected with multiple influenza viruses. During genetic reassortment gene segments are exchanged between parental viruses that may lead to some enhancement of virulence of reassortant progeny. At present, vaccination with live attenuated cold-adapted (ca) reassortant vaccine (LAIV) is used as an effective public health measure for influenza prophylaxis. However, there are concerns about a potential of simultaneous infection of human host with ca and wild type (wt) influenza viruses which might produce progeny that contain novel, more virulent genotypes. The aim of this study was to investigate potential consequences of reassortment of wt with LAIV strains in vivo. We demonstrated that reassortment of wt viruses with ca strains in guinea pigs have resulted in progeny virus which caused reduced macroscopic lesions of chicken embryos. According to phenotypical data 95% (19 out of 20) isolated reassortants were restricted in replication at elevated temperature of 40°C. None of reassortants were more virulent than wt parents, or revealed significantly higher macroscopic lesions than wt parental viruses. Our results suggest that genetic reassortment between wt and vaccine strain is unlikely to lead to virulent reassortant progeny. These findings provide additional support of LAIV safety data.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.09.076 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Mucosal vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 using recombinant influenza viruses delivering self-assembling nanoparticles.
Vaccine
December 2024
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia. Electronic address:
Recombinant influenza viruses are promising vectors that can bolster antibody and resident lymphocyte responses within mucosal sites. This study evaluates recombinant influenza viruses with SARS-CoV-2 RBD genes in eliciting mucosal and systemic responses. Using reverse genetics, we generated replication-competent recombinant influenza viruses carrying heterologous RBD genes in monomeric, trimeric, or ferritin-based nanoparticle forms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHighly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus Infections in Humans.
N Engl J Med
December 2024
From the Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta (S.G., K.R., A.C., K.K., C.T.D., M.K.K., S. Ellington, A.M.M., A.B., J.R.B., M.B., M.A.J., M.R.-C., E.B., T.T.S., T.M.U., V.G.D., C.R., S.J.O.); California Department of Public Health, Richmond (E.L.M., S.Z., V.K., D.A.W.); the Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta (S.Z., C.D.); Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver (C.D., A.K., M.O.); Mid-Michigan District Health Department, Stanton (J.M.); Michigan Department of Health and Human Services, Lansing (S. Eckel); Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services, Jefferson City (J.G., G.T.); Benton-Franklin Health District, Kennewick, WA (S.K.); Washington State Department of Health, Tumwater (A.U.); and Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin (E.R.G., C.A.H.).
Background: Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses have caused widespread infections in dairy cows and poultry in the United States, with sporadic human cases. We describe characteristics of human A(H5N1) cases identified from March through October 2024 in the United States.
Methods: We analyzed data from persons with laboratory-confirmed A(H5N1) virus infection using a standardized case-report form linked to laboratory results from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention influenza A/H5 subtyping kit.
Risk reduction in SARS-CoV-2 infection and reinfection conferred by humoral antibody levels among essential workers during Omicron predominance.
PLoS One
December 2024
Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America.
The extent to which semi-quantitative antibody levels confer protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in populations with heterogenous immune histories is unclear. Two nested case-control studies were designed within the multisite HEROES/RECOVER prospective cohort of frontline workers to study the relationship between antibody levels and protection against first-time post-vaccination infection and reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 from December 2021 to January 2023. All participants submitted weekly nasal swabs for rRT-PCR testing and blood samples quarterly and following infection or vaccination.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProfiling endogenous airway proteases and antiproteases and modeling proteolytic activation of Influenza HA using in vitro and ex vivo human airway surface liquid samples.
PLoS One
December 2024
Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America.
Imbalance of airway proteases and antiproteases has been implicated in diseases such as COPD and environmental exposures including cigarette smoke and ozone. To initiate infection, endogenous proteases are commandeered by respiratory viruses upon encountering the airway epithelium. The airway proteolytic environment likely contains redundant antiproteases and proteases with diverse catalytic mechanisms, however a proteomic profile of these enzymes and inhibitors in airway samples has not been reported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Impact of Vaccination on COVID-19, Influenza, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Related Outcomes: A Narrative Review.
Infect Dis Ther
December 2024
Department of Population Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
Vaccination represents a core preventive strategy for public health, with interrelated and multifaceted effects across health and socioeconomic domains. Beyond immediate disease prevention, immunization positively influences downstream health outcomes by mitigating complications of preexisting comorbidities and promoting healthy aging. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), influenza virus, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are common respiratory viruses responsible for broad societal cost and substantial morbidity and mortality, particularly among at-risk individuals, including older adults and people with frailty or certain comorbid conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!