AI Article Synopsis
- Childhood maltreatment affects neuroendocrine regulation and brain functioning, leading to symptoms such as limbic irritability, which includes physical and behavioral issues.
- Researchers tested whether child maltreatment relates to depressive and dissociative symptoms indirectly through limbic irritability, with a focus on variations in the FK506 binding protein 5 gene that might moderate these effects.
- In a study of 236 low-income women, significant indirect effects were found, suggesting that maltreatment contributes to depressive and dissociative symptoms, especially in those with specific FKBP5 gene variations.
Article Abstract
Childhood maltreatment is associated with lasting changes in neuroendocrine regulation, alterations in brain structure and function, and symptoms of "limbic irritability." Limbic irritability symptoms include somatic, sensory, and behavioral phenomena and may stem from increased excitatory neurotransmission following maltreatment. We tested the hypotheses that child maltreatment is indirectly associated with depressive and dissociative symptomatology via indicators of limbic irritability and that variation within the FK506 binding protein 5 gene (FKBP5), a gene involved in glucorticoid receptor functioning, moderates these effects. The sample consisted of high-risk, low-income women (N = 236) living in an inner-city environment. Child maltreatment, limbic irritability, and symptoms of depression and dissociation were measured cross-sectionally using self-report assessments. Haplotype analyses were conducted across four FKBP5 single nucleotide polymorphisms: rs3800373, rs9296158, rs1360870, and rs9470080. Path analysis using bootstrapping procedures was performed to test hypotheses regarding indirect and conditional indirect effects. We found significant indirect effects of maltreatment on depression (β = 0.088, p < .01) and dissociation (β = 0.105, p < .01) via limbic irritability. In addition, variation within FKBP5 moderated these significant indirect effects. For individuals with one to two copies of the CATT haplotype, the indirect effects of maltreatment on depression (β = 0.137, p < .01) and dissociation (β = 0.132, p < .01) via limbic irritability were significant, whereas the indirect paths were not significant for individuals with no copies of this haplotype (depression: β = 0.037, p > .05; dissociation: β = 0.002, p > .05). These results add to the growing evidence that child maltreatment may lead to symptoms of internalizing psychopathology through its impact on the limbic system. In addition, this study revealed a potential role of FKBP5 gene variants in contributing to risk for limbic system dysfunction.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3697116 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579412000673 | DOI Listing |
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