In a previous study on plosives, the 3-Dimensional Deep Search (3DDS) method for the exploration of the necessary and sufficient cues for speech perception was introduced (Li et al., (2010). J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 127(4), 2599-2610). Here, this method is used to isolate the spectral cue regions for perception of the American English fricatives /∫, 3, s, z, f, v, θ, δ in time, frequency, and intensity. The fricatives are analyzed in the context of consonant-vowel utterances, using the vowel /α/. The necessary cues were found to be contained in the frication noise for /∫, 3, s, z, f, v/. 3DDS analysis isolated the cue regions of /s, z/ between 3.6 and 8 [kHz] and /∫, 3/ between 1.4 and 4.2 [kHz]. Some utterances were found to contain acoustic components that were unnecessary for correct perception, but caused listeners to hear non-target consonants when the primary cue region was removed; such acoustic components are labeled "conflicting cue regions." The amplitude modulation of the high-frequency frication region by the fundamental F0 was found to be a sufficient cue for voicing. Overall, the 3DDS method allows one to analyze the effects of natural speech components without initial assumptions about where perceptual cues lie in time-frequency space or which elements of production they correspond to.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4747008 | DOI Listing |
Arch Sex Behav
January 2025
Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China.
Jealousy responses to potential mating rivals are stronger when those rivals display cues indicating higher mate quality. One such cue is vocal femininity in women's voices, with higher-pitched voices eliciting greater jealousy responses. However, cues to mate quality are not evaluated in isolation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAtten Percept Psychophys
January 2025
School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, 1250 Huey P. Long Field House, 50 Field House Drive, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA.
We examined participants' abilities to manually estimate one of two perpendicular line segment lengths using curved point-to-point movements. Configurations involved symmetrical, unsymmetrical, and no bisection in upright and rotated orientation alterations to vertical-horizontal (V-H) illusions, where people often perceive longer vertical than horizontal segments for equal segment lengths. Participants used two orthogonally directed movements for length estimations: positively proportional (POS) - where greater fingertip displacement involved longer length estimation between configuration intersection start position and fingertip end, and negatively proportional (NEG) - where greater fingertip displacement from the screen edge start position toward configuration intersection involved a shorter length estimation between configuration intersection and fingertip end.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Cogn
January 2025
Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Belgium.
Many theories on cognitive effort start from the assumption that cognitive effort can be expended at will, and flexibly up- or down-regulated depending on expected task demand and rewards. However, while effort regulation has been investigated across a wide range of incentive conditions, few investigated the cost of effort regulation itself. Across four experiments, we studied the effects of reward expectancy and task difficulty on effort expenditure in a perceptual decision-making task (random-dot-motion) and a cognitive control task (colour-naming Stroop), and within each task comparted cues between short (cueing the next trial) and long (cueing the next six trials) prediction horizons.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Acoust Soc Am
January 2025
Second High School Attached to Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100088, China.
This study investigates the acoustic cues for listeners to differentiate checked syllables and tones from unchecked ones. In Xiapu Min, checked and unchecked syllables and tones differ in f0, glottalization, and duration, whereas these differences are reduced in their sandhi forms. In citation forms, listeners utilize all three cues while relying on duration the most.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Department of Communication Science and Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213.
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