In present investigation attempt was made to develop and statistically optimize osmotically active capsule tailor made from the concept of bilayer (push-pull) osmotic tablet technology. The capsule was comprised of active (drug) and push (osmogen) layer. Active layer was compressed in form of tablet by mixing known amount of drug and formulation excipients. Similarly push layer was made by compressing Mannitol with formulation excipients. Finally, both layers were packed in hard gelatin capsule having small aperture at top and coated with semipermeable membrane to form osmotically active capsule. Formulated and optimized capsules were characterized for Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetric (DSC), scanning electron microscopy, In-vitro drug release study and Release models and kinetics. Statistically optimized formulation showed good correlation between predicted and experimented results, which further confirms the practicability and validity of the model.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10837450.2012.726999 | DOI Listing |
iScience
January 2025
Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
How cells respond to dynamic environmental changes is crucial for understanding fundamental biological processes and cell physiology. In this study, we developed an experimental and quantitative analytical framework to explore how dynamic stress gradients that change over time regulate cellular volume, signaling activation, and growth phenotypes. Our findings reveal that gradual stress conditions substantially enhance cell growth compared to conventional acute stress.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlanta
January 2025
Biological and Geological Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11341, Egypt.
Under salt stress, autophagy regulates ionic balance, scavenges ROS, and supports nutrient remobilization, thereby alleviating osmotic and oxidative damage. Salt stress is a major environmental challenge that significantly impacts plant growth and agricultural productivity by disrupting nutrient balance, inducing osmotic stress, and causing the accumulation of toxic ions like Na. Autophagy, a key cellular degradation and recycling pathway, plays a critical role in enhancing plant salt tolerance by maintaining cellular homeostasis and mitigating stress-induced damage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAldose reductase (ALR) is closely related to the plant's response to abiotic stresses. Previous transcriptome data from the salt-tolerant Tritipyrum Y1805 indicated that an ALR-related gene was highly upregulated under salt stress. The gene, TtALR1, was successfully cloned from Y1805, with a coding sequence length of 960 bp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Physiol Biochem
January 2025
College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110866, China; The Key Laboratory of Forest Tree Genetics, Breeding and Cultivation of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110866, China. Electronic address:
Drought is a major environmental challenge that hinders the growth and development of plants. R2R3-MYB transcription factors (TFs) play a vital role in mediating responses to abiotic stress; however, their specific functions in Populus davidiana × Populus bolleana hybrid poplar plants remain underexplored. This study focused on PdbMYB6, a novel R2R3-MYB TF identified in P.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Adv
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Plant Carbon Capture, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
Plants sense and respond to hyperosmotic stress via quick activation of sucrose nonfermenting 1-related protein kinase 2 (SnRK2). Under unstressed conditions, the protein phosphatase type 2C (PP2C) in clade A interact with and inhibit SnRK2s in subgroup III, which are released from the PP2C inhibition via pyrabactin resistance 1-like (PYL) abscisic acid receptors. However, how SnRK2s are released under osmotic stress is unclear.
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