AI Article Synopsis
- - This study explored the differences in clinical and epidemiological characteristics of diarrhea caused by V. cholerae and V. parahaemolyticus in Kolkata's urban slums, using data from a cholera vaccine trial focused on placebo clusters.
- - The findings revealed that cholera had a higher incidence (1.30/1000/year) compared to V. parahaemolyticus diarrhea (0.63/1000/year), with cholera cases often linked to younger age and lower socioeconomic status, while V. parahaemolyticus was more common among households not treating their water.
- - Despite their similar seasonality, cholera and V. parahaemolyticus diarrhea presented distinct
Article Abstract
Background: There is not much information on the differences in clinical, epidemiological and spatial characteristics of diarrhea due to V. cholerae and V. parahaemolyticus from non-coastal areas. We investigated the differences in clinical, epidemiological and spatial characteristics of the two Vibrio species in the urban slums of Kolkata, India.
Methods: The data of a cluster randomized cholera vaccine trial were used. We restricted the analysis to clusters assigned to placebo. Survival analysis of the time to the first episode was used to analyze risk factors for V. parahaemolyticus diarrhea or cholera. A spatial scan test was used to identify high risk areas for cholera and for V. parahaemolyticus diarrhea.
Results: In total, 54,519 people from the placebo clusters were assembled. The incidence of cholera (1.30/1000/year) was significantly higher than that of V. parahaemolyticus diarrhea (0.63/1000/year). Cholera incidence was inversely related to age, whereas the risk of V. parahaemolyticus diarrhea was age-independent. The seasonality of diarrhea due to the two Vibrio species was similar. Cholera was distinguished by a higher frequency of severe dehydration, and V. parahaemolyticus diarrhea was by abdominal pain. Hindus and those who live in household not using boiled or treated water were more likely to have V. parahaemolyticus diarrhea. Young age, low socioeconomic status, and living closer to a project healthcare facility were associated with an increased risk for cholera. The high risk area for cholera differed from the high risk area for V. parahaemolyticus diarrhea.
Conclusion: We report coexistence of the two vibrios in the slums of Kolkata. The two etiologies of diarrhea had a similar seasonality but had distinguishing clinical features. The risk factors and the high risk areas for the two diseases differ from one another suggesting different modes of transmission of these two pathogens.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3519625 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-830 | DOI Listing |
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