Ion beam sputtering is a widely used technique to obtain patterned surfaces. Despite the wide use of this approach on different materials to create surface nanostructures, the theoretical model to explain the time evolution of the erosion process is still debated. We show, with the help of simulations, that two-time correlation functions can serve to assess the validity of different models. These functions can be measured experimentally with the x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy technique.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/24/44/445006 | DOI Listing |
Nat Commun
January 2025
Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETH Zurich, Otto-Stern Weg 5 HPK, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
The Sun drives Earth's energy systems, influencing weather, ocean currents, and agricultural productivity. Understanding solar variability is critical, but direct observations are limited to 400 years of sunspot records. To extend this timeline, cosmic ray-produced radionuclides like C in tree-rings provide invaluable insights.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys
January 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
Objectives: Radiotherapy manages pancreatic cancer in various settings; however, the proximity of gastrointestinal (GI) luminal organs-at-risk (OAR) poses challenges to conventional radiotherapy. Proton beam therapy (PBT) may reduce toxicities compared to photon therapy. This consensus statement summarizes PBT's safe and optimal delivery for pancreatic tumors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRev Sci Instrum
January 2025
Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China.
Comprehensive Research Facility for Fusion Technology (CRAFT) is a technology development and validation platform for fusion technology in China. Neutral beam injection is one of the most important auxiliary heating and current drive methods in magnetically confined controlled fusion. Consequently, a negative ion based neutral beam injector (NNBI) testing facility with a beam energy of 400 keV is being developed in CRAFT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLancet Oncol
January 2025
Department of Radiology and Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Brigham, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address:
Technological innovations in genomics and related fields have facilitated large sequencing efforts, supported new biological discoveries in cancer, and spawned an era of liquid biopsy biomarkers. Despite these advances, precision oncology has practical constraints, partly related to cancer's biological diversity and spatial and temporal complexity. Advanced imaging technologies are being developed to address some of the current limitations in early detection, treatment selection and planning, drug delivery, and therapeutic response, as well as difficulties posed by drug resistance, drug toxicity, disease monitoring, and metastatic evolution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLancet Oncol
January 2025
Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Tumour Targeting Program, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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