A case of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of T-cell type occurring in a renal transplant recipient is described. This lymphoma was classified as large cell, immunoblastic type and presented as a mediastinal mass, although it was demonstrated to be disseminated at autopsy two weeks later. Lymphoma cells expressed the immunologic profile of a mature, activated cytotoxic/suppressor T-lymphocyte. T-cell receptor gene rearrangement and karyotypic studies confirmed a clonal T-cell genotype. Molecular studies failed to demonstrate any association with Epstein-Barr virus or human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I or type II. Pathogenesis of lymphomas in this clinical setting is discussed.
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