Bubble nucleation and growth is responsible for swelling in metallic fuels such as U-Zr. Computational modeling is useful for understanding and ultimately developing mitigation strategies for the swelling behavior of the fuel. However, the relevant fundamental parameters are not currently available. In our previous work, the formation energy and migration barrier of uranium vacancies and interstitials in α U have been obtained by first-principles calculations, and the calculated diffusion activation energy agrees reasonably well with the experimental results, within 0.1 eV (Huang and Wirth 2011 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 23 205402). In this paper, the formation energy and migration barrier of Xe, Zr, Pu, in addition to the binding energy of small vacancy clusters, Xe-vacancy clusters, and small interstitial clusters are investigated. These are among the essential data essential for the analysis and computational modeling of swelling in metallic nuclear fuel.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/24/41/415404 | DOI Listing |
Ultrason Sonochem
January 2025
Acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) plays a crucial role in ultrasound-related biomedical applications. While previous models have examined the stages of nucleation, growth, and oscillation in isolation, which may limit their ability to fully describe the entire ADV process. To address this, our study developed an integrated model that unifies these three stages of ADV, stimulated by a continuous nonlinear dual-frequency ultrasound wave.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
Electrocatalytic gas-evolving reactions often result in bubble-covered surfaces, impeding the mass transfer to active sites. Such an issue will be worsened in practical high-current-density conditions and can cause sudden cell failure. Herein, we develop an on-chip microcell-based total-internal-reflection-fluorescence-microscopy to enable operando imaging of bubbles at sub-50 nm and dynamic probing of their nucleation during hydrogen evolution reaction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
December 2024
Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials & Application, Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber & Product, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China; School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan 442002, China. Electronic address:
Langmuir
January 2025
School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China.
This study explores the bubble nucleation process and heat transfer characteristics on nanostructured solid surfaces with mixed-wettable pillars using molecular dynamics simulations. Five different surfaces were designed by varying the wettability of the central pillars while keeping the lateral pillars hydrophilic. The nucleation behavior of argon bubbles was observed to differ significantly across these surfaces due to the combined effects of nanostructuring and mixed wettability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chem Phys
December 2024
Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, 49 Leninsky Pr., 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation.
Copper and its alloys with transition metals (as good conductors of electricity and heat) are extensively used in electrical industry, electronics, and cooling systems and can be the subject of surface degradation by oxidation. In certain circumstances, surface degradation of copper occurs catastrophically. Predicting catastrophic oxidation kinetics and developing protective technology require understanding the mass transfer mechanisms in the solid/liquid/gas composite scale formed on the copper surface during catastrophic degradation.
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