With the advent of scanning probe microscopy techniques that involve a tip and a sample in relative motion in the contact or noncontact regime, the microscopic aspects of friction have become a major branch of research called nanotribology. A significant number of recent studies in this field have concentrated on the distinction between electronic and phononic contributions to friction. Here, we are using the combination of spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy and single-atom manipulation in order to move individual magnetic atoms over a magnetic template. By monitoring the spin-resolved manipulation traces and comparing them with results of Monte Carlo simulations, we are able to reveal the characteristic friction force variations resulting from the occurrence of spin friction on the atomic scale.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.116102 | DOI Listing |
J Phys Chem Lett
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, CV4 7AL Coventry, U.K.
In the dynamics of atoms and molecules at metal surfaces, electron-hole pair excitations can play a crucial role. In the case of hyperthermal hydrogen atom scattering, they lead to nonadiabatic energy loss and highly inelastic scattering. Molecular dynamics with electronic friction simulation results, based on an isotropic homogeneous electron gas approximation, have previously aligned well with measured kinetic energy loss distributions, indicating that this level of theoretical description is sufficient to describe nonadiabatic effects during scattering.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
January 2025
Powder Technology and Advanced Materials, HEI-VS, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Rue de l'Industrie, 23, 1950 Sion, Switzerland.
Biodegradable magnesium alloy medical implants have attracted considerable interest thanks to their remarkable biocompatibility and mechanical properties. However, the rapid corrosion rate of magnesium alloys in physiological environments presents a major challenge to their practical application. Therefore, this study attempted to design a silane/chitosan /graphene oxide composite coating that reduces the corrosion and enhances the biodegradation of magnesium alloys used in temporary implants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Ergon
April 2025
KITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute - University Health Network, 550 University Ave, Toronto, M5G2A2, Canada; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College St., Toronto, M5S3G9, Canada; Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, 500 University Ave #160, M5G1V7, Canada. Electronic address:
Winter boots with specialized outsoles (composite footwear) may be able to reduce the risk of falls on ice by 78%. However, a pilot study has also found that the slip resistance of this composite footwear can diminish relatively quickly with simulated use. The objective of this study was to evaluate the change in slip resistance of popular composite footwear (with IceFX outsoles) over a winter season of real-world use.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Mater
December 2024
Nanoengineered Systems Laboratory, UCL Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE, UK.
Slippery lubricant infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) have the potential to address daunting challenges such as undesirable surface fouling/biofouling, icing, etc. However, the depletion of lubricants hampers their practical utility. As a solution, here a rational strategy is introduced that operates synergistically in three parts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Nano
September 2024
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
Efforts have been devoted to developing strategies for converting spider silk proteins (spidroins) into functional silk materials. However, studies mimicking the exact natural spinning process of spiders encounter arduous challenges. In this paper, consistent with the natural spinning process of spiders, we report a high-efficient spinning strategy that enables the mass preparation of multifunctional artificial spider silk at different scales.
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