We investigated social network factors associated with participation in overdose prevention training among injection drug users (IDUs). From 2008 to 2010, 106 IDUs who had witnessed an overdose in the past year from two syringe exchange programs in Los Angeles provided data on overdose prevention training status (trained vs. untrained), social networks, history of overdose, and demographics. In multivariate logistic regression, naming at least one network member who had been trained in overdose prevention was significantly associated with being trained (Adjusted Odds Ratio 3.25, 95% Confidence Interval 1.09, 9.68). Using social network approaches may help increase training participation. Limitations are noted.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10826084.2012.720335 | DOI Listing |
Am J Emerg Med
December 2024
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Center for Research on Emerging Substances, Poisoning, Overdose, and New Discoveries (RESPOND), NYC Health + Hospitals/Elmhurst, New York, NY, USA.
Background: Tramadol is an adulterant of illicit opioids. As it is a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor as well as a μ-opioid agonist, tramadol adulteration may worsen overdose signs and symptoms or affect the amount of naloxone patients receive.
Methods: This is a multicenter, prospective cohort of adult patients with suspected opioid overdoses who presented to one of eight United States emergency departments and were included in the Toxicology Investigators Consortium's Fentalog Study.
Epilepsia
December 2024
VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Informatics, Decision-Enhancement and Analytic Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Objective: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant risk factor for epilepsy, but little work has explored whether risk of epilepsy after TBI may operate through intermediary mechanisms. The objective of this study was to statistically screen for potentially mediating effects among 64 comorbidities for epilepsy risk following TBI among Post-9/11 U.S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiseases
December 2024
College of Pharmacy, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 14611, Saudi Arabia.
Background: Acetaminophen is generally considered safe when used according to the recommended guidelines. Consumption in excessive doses can lead to severe liver damage and, in critical cases, may even result in death. To reduce the effects of acetaminophen overdose, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has been established as the preferred intervention to prevent liver damage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
November 2024
Cardiology, Asociacion Instituto Dominicano de Cardiologia, Santo Domingo, DOM.
Introduction The appropriate use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) is crucial in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) to prevent thromboembolic complications. The use of inappropriate doses is common, but information on its prevalence and determining factors in low-income countries is insufficient. Objective The objective of this study is to quantify the prevalence and identify demographic, clinical, and treatment-related factors associated with inappropriate dosing of DOACs in patients with NVAF in a low-income country.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInj Prev
December 2024
Division of Overdose Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Background: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Drug Overdose Surveillance and Epidemiology (DOSE) system captures non-fatal overdose data from health departments' emergency department (ED) and inpatient hospitalisation discharge data; however, these data have not been compared with other established state-level surveillance systems, which may lag by several years depending on the state. This analysis compared non-fatal overdose rates from DOSE discharge data with rates from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) in order to compare DOSE data against an established dataset.
Methods: DOSE discharge data case definitions (ie, International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, Clinical Modification codes) for non-fatal unintentional/undetermined intent all drug, all opioid-involved, heroin-involved and stimulant-involved overdoses were applied to HCUP's 2018-2020 State Emergency Department Databases (SEDD) and State Inpatient Databases (SID).
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