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Portable six-channel laser speckle system for simultaneous measurement of cerebral blood flow and volume with potential applications in characterization of brain injury.
Neurophotonics
January 2025
California Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Pasadena, California, United States.
Significance: Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral blood volume (CBV) are key metrics for regional cerebrovascular monitoring. Simultaneous, non-invasive measurement of CBF and CBV at different brain locations would advance cerebrovascular monitoring and pave the way for brain injury detection as current brain injury diagnostic methods are often constrained by high costs, limited sensitivity, and reliance on subjective symptom reporting.
Aim: We aim to develop a multi-channel non-invasive optical system for measuring CBF and CBV at different regions of the brain simultaneously with a cost-effective, reliable, and scalable system capable of detecting potential differences in CBF and CBV across different regions of the brain.
The role of Neurofilament light (NfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in MS and AQP4-NMOSD: Advancing clinical applications.
eNeurologicalSci
March 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, Munster Technological University, Bishopstown, Cork, Ireland.
Fluid biomarkers such as Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) and Neurofilament Light (NfL) play important roles in the diagnosis, monitoring, and evaluation of therapeutic responses in conditions such as Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and Aquaporin-4 Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (AQP4-NMOSD). These biomarkers offer key insights into the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of these diseases, enabling effective follow-up and personalized treatment approaches, which are essential for improving patient outcomes. Herein, we synthesize the structural attributes, functional roles, and clinical significance of GFAP and NfL in the context of MS and AQP4-NMOSD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTranscranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS) for Major Depressive Disorder.
Psychiatr Ann
November 2022
Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, Massachusetts (JAC, PC); Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (JAC, PC); Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (JR, FF); Carolina Center for Neurostimulation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (JR, FF); Depression Clinical and Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (PC); Center for Anxiety and Traumatic Stress Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (PC); Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (FF); Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (FF); Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (FF); and Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (FF).
The 21st century has brought forth major advancements in device-based treatments for psychiatric disorders such as major depressive disorder (MDD). One of the most exciting technologies on the rise in this field is transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS). The small but rapidly growing body of knowledge on tACS suggests that this wearable, low-cost, noninvasive neuromodulation method could provide a safe and effective alternative, or augmentation, to pharmacological interventions for MDD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSymptomatic Cervical Carotid Artery Stenosis: Evolving Paradigms in Risk Stratification and Intervention.
Ann Indian Acad Neurol
January 2025
Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Community Health Sciences, The Hotchkiss Brain Institute, The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, and The O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Symptomatic carotid disease, characterized by atherosclerotic or non-atherosclerotic internal carotid artery disease with ipsilateral stroke symptoms, represents a critical condition in stroke neurology. This "hot carotid" state carries a high risk of stroke recurrence, with almost one-fourth of the patients experiencing recurrent ischemic events within 2 weeks of initial presentation. The global prevalence of significant carotid stenosis (conventionally defined as ≥50% narrowing) is estimated at around 1.
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