Hyposchematia without spatial neglect in 2 patients with lesions involving the insula.

Background: : Hyposchematia is a rare variant of aschematia in which patients underestimate the size of part or all of their body. The term also describes an abnormality in drawing tasks, in which patients underestimate the size of 1 side of an image and draw it too small. Little is known about the neuroanatomy of the syndrome.

Case Reports: : We report 2 patients who developed contralateral hyposchematia without spatial neglect after suffering an ischemic lesion involving the right insula. Both patients felt that the left side of their face and their left arm and leg were disproportionately smaller than their right. On a drawing task, both patients drew the left sides of objects smaller than the right; they perseverated on the left sides of the images, for example, adding extra left-sided petals to a daisy.

Conclusions: : In 2 reported patients, the cause of hyposchematia may be a lesion involving multiple insular circuits that affect the perception of extrapersonal space and self-related systems.