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First Report of the Gene Mutations Associated with Permethrin Resistance in Head Lice ( De Geer, 1767) from Primary School Children in Istanbul (Türkiye) and Nagarkot (Nepal).
Pathogens
December 2024
Department of Medical Microbiology, Acibadem University School of Medicine, Istanbul 34752, Türkiye.
Head lice infestation (HLI), caused by De Geer, 1767, has long been a common global problem of school children. Permethrin is an old pyrethroid derivative that has been used commonly for its treatment, and it exerts its activity over the voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) of the lice. There has been a growing list of persistent HLI cases lately in the world among patients using permethrin, and knockdown resistance (kdr)-related point mutations on VSCC have been identified and reported from those resistant lice samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBartonella quintana Endocarditis Associated With Head Lice in a Canadian Indigenous Youth.
Pediatr Infect Dis J
December 2024
From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatrics.
Bartonella quintana is a rare but important cause of culture-negative endocarditis, classically associated with body lice infestation. We report the first known pediatric case of Bartonella quintana endocarditis associated with head lice. The importance of sending targeted testing for this organism in at-risk patients, ideally on tissue specimens, is emphasized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - Bartonella quintana can lead to serious health issues, including endocarditis and chronic infections, and is mainly spread by body lice, particularly in homeless populations.
- - A case study in the U.S. highlighted two kidney transplant recipients who contracted the infection from an organ donor who was homeless; one case was atypical while the other showed mild symptoms.
- - Timely detection and treatment allowed both recipients to recover, emphasizing the importance of assessing organ donors' living conditions, specifically those with a history of homelessness or lice infestations, for potential B. quintana infections in transplant recipients.
Article Synopsis
- Bartonella quintana infection can cause serious health issues like bacillary angiomatosis and culture-negative endocarditis, mainly affecting individuals who are homeless.
- In a study conducted in New York City between January 2020 and November 2023, five cases of left-sided, culture-negative endocarditis were identified in unsheltered homeless persons using molecular methods.
- Most patients had serious complications and a history of body louse exposure, highlighting the need for clinicians to consider housing status and potential lice infestation when diagnosing and treating suspected cases.
Article Synopsis
- Louseborne Bartonella quintana infections mainly affect homeless individuals in the U.S. due to poor hygiene resources, and these infections can impact organ transplant recipients.
- The increase in homelessness raises concerns about the transmission of B. quintana through organ donations from former homeless donors.
- To reduce B. quintana transmission, interventions like better housing access, hygiene resources, early treatment of infections, and testing/prophylactic treatments for transplant recipients are necessary.
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