R-Models are an approach to capturing notions of assistance and abstraction in reproductive systems, based on labelled transition systems and Gibson's theory of affordances. R-Models incorporate a labelled transition system that describes how a reproductive system changes over the course of reproduction. The actors in the system are represented by a set of entities together with a relation describing the states in which those entities are present, and an affordance-modelling function mapping actions to sets of entities which enable those actions to be performed. We show how R-models can be classified based on whether the reproducer is assisted or unassisted in reproduction, and whether or not the reproducer is active during reproduction. We prove that all assisted and unassisted R-models have a related R-model which has the opposite classification. We discuss the relevance to the field of artificial life, give a potential application to the fields of computer virology, and demonstrate reproduction modelling and classification in action using examples.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystems.2012.07.003 | DOI Listing |
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Music, Arts and Culture, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Music is assumed to express a wide range of emotions. The vocabulary and structure of affects are typically explored without the context of music in which music is experienced, leading to abstract notions about what affects music may express. In a series of three experiments utilising three separate and iterative association tasks including a contextualisation with typical activities associated with specific music and affect terms, we identified the plausible affect terms and structures to capture the wide range of emotions expressed by music.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInf Commun Soc
June 2024
Department of Ethics and Political Philosophy and Interdisciplinary Hub for Digitalization and Society, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
The rapid expansion of Big Tech companies into various societal domains (e.g., health, education, and agriculture) over the past decade has led to increasing concerns among governments, regulators, scholars, and civil society.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Psychology, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy.
This study examines the relationship between cognitive and affective flexibility, two critical aspects of adaptability. Cognitive flexibility involves switching between activities as rules change, assessed through task-switching or neuropsychological tests and questionnaires. Affective flexibility, meanwhile, refers to shifting between emotional and non-emotional tasks or states.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFbioRxiv
December 2024
Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, UNAM, Cuernavaca, México.
Traditional clustering and visualization approaches in human genetics often operate under frameworks that assume inherent, discrete groupings. These methods can inadvertently simplify multifaceted relationships, functioning to entrench the idea of typological groups. We introduce a network-based pipeline and visualization tool grounded in relational thinking, which constructs networks from a variety of genetic similarity metrics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Med Ethics
December 2024
Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria (CEGD), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1118, Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, The Netherlands.
Background: The scrutiny surrounding gender-affirming medical treatment (GAMT) for youth has increased, particularly concerning the limited evidence on long-term treatment outcomes. The Standards of Care 8 by the World Professional Association for Transgender Health addresses this by outlining research evidence suggesting "effective" outcomes of GAMT for adolescents. However, claims concerning what are considered "effective" outcomes of GAMT for adolescents remain implicit, requiring further reflection.
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