Further development of surgical techniques and instruments provide complex endoscopic or transcatheter guided interventions in thoracic organs. However, minimalinvasive surgery does not mean minimalinvasive anaesthesia. Particularly concerning cardiothoracic surgery, complex endoscopic procedures represent a challenge to the anaesthesiological management. These interventions require a close interdisciplinary cooperation. Considering the surgical procedures, this review describes the anaesthesiological management for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and percutaneous mitral valve repair. Furthermore it focuses on the anaesthesiological management of pitfalls and complications related to the surgical procedure.
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