Background: There is paucity of information on the weaning of nasal CPAP (NCPAP) in preterm infants. As the weaning from NCPAP can be gradual or sudden, we wanted to determine which of the 2 methods was better.
Methods: A prospective randomized trial was conducted to compare the success of weaning from NCPAP when using the sudden and gradual weaning methods in infants born ≤ 32 weeks. We also compared the weight, post-menstrual age when these infants were successfully weaned from NCPAP, and their length of stay in the hospital.
Results: Of the 56 infants included in the study, 28 infants were randomized to each weaning method. The gestational age, birth weight, and other clinical factors were similar between the 2 groups. There was no difference in the rate of success of initial weaning between the 2 methods (P = .65). The infants were successfully weaned at 33.7 ± 2.8 weeks versus 33.8 ± 2.6 weeks (P = .93) post-menstrual age, and at 1,736 ± 487 g versus 1,736 ± 501 g (P = .99) weight in the sudden wean and gradual wean groups, respectively. Length of stay was 61.3 ± 19.6 days for the sudden wean group and 66.0 ± 27.1 days for the gradual wean group (P = .48).
Conclusions: There was no difference in the success of weaning from NCPAP between the 2 weaning methods. The weight and postmenstrual age at the time of successful NCPAP wean also did not differ between the 2 groups. These findings suggest that factors other than the method of CPAP wean, such as pulmonary maturity, may determine the success of NCPAP wean in preterm infants.
Objective: To investigate the feasibility of cut-umbilical cord milking (C-UCM) during stabilization of preterm infants after birth.
Study Design: This was a pilot randomized controlled trial of initial resuscitation. Infants born to eligible, consenting women presenting in preterm labor at <32 weeks' gestation were randomized to receive either the standard practice of delayed cord clamping (DCC) for 30-60 seconds at birth or C-UCM while supporting breathing and following 30 seconds of DCC.
Objective: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of preventable childhood blindness in preterm infants with low birth weight. The efficacy and safety of prophylactic agents, including vitamin A, propranolol and lipids, in reducing ROP incidence remain unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effectiveness and safety of these agents in preventing ROP.
Background: Preterm birth, a significant global health concern, has been associated with alterations in the gut microbiota. However, the causal nature of this relationship remains uncertain due to the limitations inherent in observational studies.
Purpose: To investigate the potential causal relationship between gut microbiota imbalances and preterm birth.
Background: Pregnancy gingivitis is a common oral health issue that affects both maternal and fetal health. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of periodontal treatment in preventing pregnancy gingivitis, preterm birth, and low birth weight through a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following PRISMA guidelines.
Background: Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a common cause of hospitalisation in infants worldwide, causing significant morbidity and mortality. Recently, the antiviral treatment, Ziresovir, has shown promising results in a Phase III trial conducted on infants hospitalised with RSV. Based on these topline results, this study aims to investigate the cost-effectiveness of Ziresovir in the United Kingdom (UK).
