Structure-based design of 7-azaindole-pyrrolidine amides as inhibitors of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type I.

Indole-pyrrolidines were identified as inhibitors of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) by high-throughput screening. Optimisation of the initial hit through structure-based design led to 7-azaindole-derivatives, with the best analogues displaying single digit nanomolar IC(50) potency. The modeling hypotheses were confirmed by solving the X-ray co-crystal structure of one of the lead compounds. These compounds were selective against 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (selectivity ratio >200) and exhibited good inhibition of 11β-HSD1 (IC(50)<1μM) in a cellular model (3T3L1 adipocytes).