Severity: Warning
Message: file_get_contents(https://...@pubfacts.com&api_key=b8daa3ad693db53b1410957c26c9a51b4908&a=1): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 176
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 176
Function: file_get_contents
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 250
Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3122
Function: getPubMedXML
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 575
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 489
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
DNA-mediated transformation is a powerful tool that allows the introduction of specific genetic changes in an organism. Transformation of Aspergilli, acclaimed for their wide use in the industry, has been possible for about two decades now. Several basic and applied problems related to fungal biology have been addressed using this technique. Nonetheless, new markers and strategies for transformation are still being developed for these filamentous fungi. Different methods and markers that are currently available for the transformation of Aspergilli are summarized here. The review also brings out the importance of these transformation systems in analyzing fungal gene function. Aspects of Aspergillus niger transformation are selectively emphasized.
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