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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/embor.2012.124 | DOI Listing |
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Diversification and recurrent adaptation of the synaptonemal complex in Drosophila.
PLoS Genet
January 2025
Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
The synaptonemal complex (SC) is a protein-rich structure essential for meiotic recombination and faithful chromosome segregation. Acting like a zipper to paired homologous chromosomes during early prophase I, the complex is a symmetrical structure where central elements are connected on two sides by the transverse filaments to the chromatin-anchoring lateral elements. Despite being found in most major eukaryotic taxa implying a deeply conserved evolutionary origin, several components of the complex exhibit unusually high rates of sequence turnover.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEscalation of genome defense capacity enables control of an expanding meiotic driver.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125.
From RNA interference to chromatin silencing, diverse genome defense pathways silence selfish genetic elements to safeguard genome integrity. Despite their diversity, different defense pathways share a modular organization, where numerous specificity factors identify diverse targets and common effectors silence them. In the PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA) pathway, target RNAs are first identified by complementary base pairing with piRNAs and then silenced by PIWI-clade nucleases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDistinct and interdependent functions of three RING proteins regulate recombination during mammalian meiosis.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
HHMI, University of California, Davis, CA 95616.
During meiosis, each pair of homologous chromosomes becomes connected by at least one crossover, as required for accurate segregation, and adjacent crossovers are widely separated thereby limiting total numbers. In coarsening models, this crossover patterning results from nascent recombination sites competing to accrue a limiting pro-crossover RING-domain protein (COR) that diffuses between synapsed chromosomes. Here, we delineate the localization dynamics of three mammalian CORs in the mouse and determine their interdependencies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe ATPase activity of yeast chromosome axis protein Hop1 affects the frequency of meiotic crossovers.
Nucleic Acids Res
December 2024
Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, CV Raman Road, Bengaluru 560012, India.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae meiosis-specific Hop1, a structural constituent of the synaptonemal complex, also facilitates the formation of programmed DNA double-strand breaks and the pairing of homologous chromosomes. Here, we reveal a serendipitous discovery that Hop1 possesses robust DNA-independent ATPase activity, although it lacks recognizable sequence motifs required for ATP binding and hydrolysis. By leveraging molecular docking combined with molecular dynamics simulations and biochemical assays, we identified an ensemble of five amino acid residues in Hop1 that could potentially participate in ATP-binding and hydrolysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenetic variation in Arabidopsis thaliana reveals the existence of natural heat resilience factors for meiosis.
Plant Physiol
December 2024
Arameiosis Lab, Research Center for Biotechnology Application, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China.
Heat interferes with multiple meiotic processes, leading to genome instability and sterility in flowering plants, including many crops. Despite its importance for food security, the mechanisms underlying heat tolerance of meiosis are poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed different meiotic processes in the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) accessions Col and Ler, their F1 hybrids, and the F2 offspring under heat stress (37 °C).
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