Objective: To study the effects of environmental factors on the degree of injury and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) in cartilage cells of the joint in a rat model of adjuvant arthritis (AA).
Methods: SD rats aged 10 months were randomly divided into 4 groups that varied by temperature and humidity housing conditions and induction of AA: a control group, a model group, a cold-damp group, and a hot-damp group. All groups except the control group were induced with AA. After 4 w, VEGF and IL-1 expression in cartilage cells of ankle joints of hind limbs were observed.
Results: Mean area, optical density, and numbers of VEGF- and IL-1-positive cells in the model group, the cold-damp group, and the hot-damp group were significantly higher than that of the control group (all P < 0.05). Optical density and positive cell numbers in the cold-damp group and the hot-damp group were significantly higher than that of the model group (all P < 0.05). Optical density and positive cell numbers in the hot-damp group were significantly higher than that of the cold-damp group. Bone in the hot-damp and cold-damp groups was severely injured.
Conclusion: Environmental factors such as high humidity combined with either high or low temperature increase the severity of damage and expression of VEGF and IL-1 in cartilage cells of joints in rats induced with AA.
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