Research has consistently shown that alcohol use is a problem in rural communities and access to substance abuse treatment, particularly evidence-based treatment is limited. Because telemedicine has been shown to be effective in delivering services, this article presents a novel and innovative way of using telemedicine technology in the form of videoconferencing to deliver an evidence-based alcohol intervention (motivational enhancement therapy) with at-risk alcohol users in real-world settings (rural probation and parole offices). This article focuses on: (a) creating a profile of an at-risk group of rural alcohol users; (b) describing the evidence-based intervention; and (c) describing the innovative telemedicine-based service delivery approach.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0026772 | DOI Listing |
Cien Saude Colet
January 2025
Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo. Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, 2º andar, sala 2216, Cerqueira Cesar. 01246-903 São Paulo SP Brasil.
Prophylaxis based on antiretrovirals, such as pre-exposure prophylaxis to HIV (PrEP), has the potential to protect the populations most vulnerable to infection, which renews optimism for controlling the HIV epidemic. Against this backdrop, the aim of this article is to analyze the perceptions, negotiations and tensions surrounding the use of PrEP by men who have sex with men (MSM). This is a qualitative cross-section of a multicenter study, analyzing semi-structured interviews with 18 users of specialized HIV/AIDS healthcare facilities in the city of São Paulo/SP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Acquir Immune Defic Syndr
January 2025
Department of Work and Social Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Background: Suboptimal adherence to PrEP limits its global impact, with current evidence mostly from the Global North and lacking Global South perspectives. This meta-analysis synthesises the rates and determinants of suboptimal adherence to oral PrEP among MSM in both regions.
Methods: We searched for literature describing PrEP adherence and its determinants among MSM globally up until October 2024 to conduct a meta-analysis on the rate and determinants of suboptimal adherence in both regions.
Trends Pharmacol Sci
January 2025
Department of Translational Neuroscience, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1083, USA. Electronic address:
Cocaine-use disorders (CUDs) continue to be a major public health problem that requires effective treatments. Despite decades of preclinical research, there are no FDA-approved pharmacotherapies for cocaine use. While there are numerous potential reasons why no efficacious treatments have been identified or approved for cocaine use, we discuss two possible reasons in this review: the low number of studies incorporating social variables and the overlooking of the clinical reality of polysubstance use.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Laboratory of NeuroImaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland.
Importance: Cannabis use has increased globally, but its effects on brain function are not fully known, highlighting the need to better determine recent and long-term brain activation outcomes of cannabis use.
Objective: To examine the association of lifetime history of heavy cannabis use and recent cannabis use with brain activation across a range of brain functions in a large sample of young adults in the US.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study used data (2017 release) from the Human Connectome Project (collected between August 2012 and 2015).
BMC Med Res Methodol
January 2025
Faculty of Social Sciences (Health Sciences) and Gerontology Research Center (GEREC), Tampere Universities, Tampere, Finland.
Background And Method: This study set out to identify the factors and combinations of factors associated with the individual's premature death, using data from the Finnish Longitudinal Study on Ageing Municipal Employees (FLAME) which involved 6,257 participants over a 29-year follow-up period. Exact dates of death were obtained from the Finnish population register. Premature death was defined as a death occurring earlier than the age- and sex-specific actuarial life expectancy indicated by life tables for 1981, as the baseline, with the threshold period of nine months.
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