Distribution of the Mg²⁺-dependent, HCO₃⁻-stimulated ATPase (HCO₃⁻-ATPase) was investigated in sub-cellular fractions of the tissue of the human thyroid gland. It was found that especially high enzymatic activity is characteristic of mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum. Correlation between various pathologies of the thyroid and HCO₃⁻-ATPase activity was demonstrated. The activity was evaluated using the difference between active and passive ATPase. During development of the various pathologies, the sub-cellular fractions of the gland showed uneven alterations of HCO₃⁻-ATPase activity. Intriguingly, the enzyme kinetic parameters are also changed, i.e. in the different pathologies both enzyme activity and its affinity towards bicarbonate ions are altered. This raises the question whether pathology is caused by, or results in, changes in the enzyme at the molecular level.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00365513.2012.675442 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Comparative characterization of organ-specific phase I and II biotransformation enzyme kinetics in salmonid S9 sub-cellular fractions and cell lines.
Cell Biol Toxicol
January 2025
Department of Environmental Toxicology, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Eawag, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
Advancing in vitro systems to address the effects of chemical pollution requires a thorough characterization of their functionalities, such as their repertoire of biotransformation enzymes. Currently, knowledge regarding the presence, activity magnitudes, and inducibility of different biotransformation pathways in vitro is scarce, particularly across organs. We report organ-specific kinetics for phase I and II biotransformation enzymes, under basal and induced conditions, in two in vitro systems using salmonid fish: S9 sub-cellular fractions from brown trout (Salmo trutta) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were compared with rainbow trout cell lines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRevealing hidden risks: in vitro analysis of PFAS hazards in Mytilus galloprovincialis gills and digestive gland.
J Hazard Mater
December 2024
Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal; Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal. Electronic address:
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are synthetic chemicals known for their persistence and bioaccumulation, leading to widespread environmental contamination. Despite their recognised environmental risks, particularly to aquatic wildlife, including marine invertebrates, detailed impact studies are limited. PFAS can be categorised according to the length of the compound chain, with short-chain PFAS announced as a safer alternative to the more commonly used long-chain PFAS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCompartment-specific small non-coding RNA changes and nucleolar defects in human mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.
Acta Neuropathol
November 2024
Department of Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) is a debilitating disease characterized by recurrent seizures originating from temporal lobe structures such as the hippocampus. The pathogenic mechanisms underlying mTLE are incompletely understood but include changes in the expression of non-coding RNAs in affected brain regions. Previous work indicates that some of these changes may be selective to specific sub-cellular compartments, but the full extent of these changes and how these sub-cellular compartments themselves are affected remains largely unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFITM2 deficiency results in ER lipid accumulation, ER stress, and reduced apolipoprotein B lipidation and VLDL triglyceride secretion in vitro and in mouse liver.
Mol Metab
December 2024
Department of Medicine (Cardiology), the Cardiovascular Research Center, and the Marc and Ruti Bell Program in Vascular Biology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NY, USA. Electronic address:
Objective: Triglycerides (TGs) associate with apolipoprotein B100 (apoB100) to form very low density lipoproteins (VLDLs) in the liver. The repertoire of factors that facilitate this association is incompletely understood. FITM2, an integral endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein, was originally discovered as a factor participating in cytosolic lipid droplet (LD) biogenesis in tissues that do not form VLDL.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFApplication of CRISPR/Cas9 system to knock out GluB gene for developing low glutelin rice mutant.
Bot Stud
September 2024
Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafrelsheikh, 33717, Egypt.
The nutritional quality improvement is among the most integral objective for any rice molecular breeding programs. The seed storage proteins (SSPs) have greater role to determine the nutritional quality of any cereal grains. Rice contains relatively balanced amino acid composition and the SSPs are fractioned into albumins (ALB), globulins (GLO), prolamins (PRO) and glutelins (GLU) according to differences in solubility.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!