Pathology of 4 cases of serologically verified HIV infection is described. In 3 cases the disease developed against the background of previous pathologic processes that in one way or another influenced the pathologic picture. Only general characteristics of the HIV pathology are given in this report obtained by routine methods. Detailed investigation of changes in different organs and systems will be continued. Morphological signs of the immunodeficiency manifesting mainly in more or less atrophy of lymphoid tissue were found in all cases examined. Though features specific for HIV infection are not established in the literature, the complex of the above changes allows one to suspect HIV infection and in case of serologic confirmation to formulate a pathologic diagnosis. The 4th case can be regarded as an earlier stage of HIV infection as well as an example of a therapeutically produced pathomorphosis.
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BMC Health Serv Res
January 2025
Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, P.O. Box 1, Bilthoven, 3720 BA, The Netherlands.
HIV self-sampling and -testing (HIVSS/ST) reduces testing barriers and potentially reaches populations who may not test otherwise. In the Netherlands, at-home HIV tests became commercially available around 2016, but data on user experiences are limited. This study aimed to explore characteristics of users and their experiences with HIVSS/ST.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, 66075-110, Brazil.
In Brazil, health policies implemented over the last three decades have enabled rapid testing for HIV to be made available in primary health care services. However, although these policies are national, the implementation of actions is not uniform, as they depend on the local management of local health systems. In this context, the study identified the proportion of women from sexual minorities who had never tested for HIV and the factors associated with access, in a Metropolitan Region of the Brazilian Amazon.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLancet Glob Health
January 2025
Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, France. Electronic address:
People who use drugs show a higher incidence and prevalence of tuberculosis than people who do not use drugs in areas where Mycobacterium tuberculosis is endemic. However, this population is largely neglected in national tuberculosis programmes. Strategies for active case finding, screening, and linkage to care designed for the general population are not adapted to the needs of people who use drugs, who are stigmatised and difficult to reach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiagn Microbiol Infect Dis
January 2025
Department of Human Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China. Electronic address:
Objective: Transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs) are severe threats to blood safety and public health. A retrospective study of blood donor records from 2015 to 2019 in Shiyan, China, was conducted.
Methods: TTI prevalence was analyzed using ELISA, RT-PCR, and demographic data.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis
January 2025
Centre for HIV & Sexually Transmitted Infections, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Division of National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Background: HIV rapid diagnostic tests are crucial for timely diagnosis, especially in resource-limited settings. The World Health Organization recommends sensitivity ≥99 % and specificity ≥98 %. This study assessed RDT performance across South Africa's provinces using a proficiency testing program.
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