[Endophenotypes in schizophrenia: a review of electrophysiological studies].

Schizophrenia patients consistently show some deficiency in electrophysiological measures, such as PPI (Prepulse Inhibition), ERP (Event-Related Potential) components (mismatch negativity, P50, P300), EEG (Electroencephalography), and MEG (Magnetoencephalography). These components have been intensively studied as quantitative biological markers (i.e., endophenotypes) for psychiatric disorders. Recently brain oscillations, especially gamma (30-80 Hz) band activity (GBA), are being increasingly investigated as new candidate endophenotypes. In this review, we summarize the current status, perspective, and limitations of representative paradigms for investigating abnormal electrophysiological components of schizophrenia, along with relevant genetic polymorphism.