Although the hazards of smoking is well known, the number of smokers among high school students is still high. There are many factors influencing these students to start smoking. This study was conducted to discover the size of the population of smokers among high school students is still high. There are many factors influencing these students to start smoking. This study was conducted to discover the size of the population of smokers among high school students, their smoking behaviour, and what factors might be associated as risk factors. Questionnaires were filled by 1627 respondents between 12 and 22 years of age of which 955 (58.7%) are boys and 672 (41.3%) are girls. Among all male respondents there were found 622 (86.2%) experimental smokers; among all the girls there were only 99 (13.7%) experimental smokers. From the total number of experimental smokers, 377 (95.2%) boys and 19 (4.8%) girls eventually became smokers. One hundred and seventeen (16.2%) students tried smoking before 13 years old, 65 of these students became smokers. This study found that socio-economic status, parents, friends, and siblings who smoked, and social environment, have significant influence on high school students' smoking habits. To prevent and lower the number of smokers among students in high schools, health and smoking education must be started in the schools as early as possible.
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Acc Chem Res
January 2025
School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China.
ConspectusCovalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) are a novel class of nitrogen-rich conjugated porous organic materials constructed by robust and functional triazine linkages, which possess unique structures and excellent physicochemical properties. They have demonstrated broad application prospects in gas/molecular adsorption and separation, catalysis, energy conversion and storage, etc. In particular, crystalline CTFs with well-defined periodic molecular network structures and regular pore channels can maximize the utilization of the features of CTFs and promote a deep understanding of the structure-property relationship.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMater Horiz
January 2025
School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
The quantum anomalous Hall effect (QAHE) with a high Chern number hosts multiple dissipationless chiral edge channels, which is of fundamental interest and promising for applications in spintronics. However, QAHE is currently limited in two-dimensional (2D) ferromagnets with Chern number . Using a tight-binding model, we put forward that Floquet engineering offers a strategy to achieve QAHE in 2D nonmagnets, and, in contrast to generally reported QAHE in 2D ferromagnets, a high-Chern-number is obtained accompanied by the emergence of two chiral edge states.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNano Lett
January 2025
Key Lab for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
One-time programmable (OTP) memory is an essential component in chips, which has extremely high security to protect the stored critical information from being altered. However, traditional OTP memory based on the thermal breakdown of the dielectric has a large programming current, which leads to high power consumption. Here, we report a gate tunneling-induced "cold" breakdown phenomenon in carbon nanotube (CNT) field-effect transistors, and based on this we construct a "cold" fuse (C-fuse) memory where applying a mild gate voltage can break down the CNT channel without damaging the gate dielectric.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrg Lett
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine (Ministry of Educational of China), Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China.
We disclose herein a chiral phosphoric-acid-catalyzed enantioselective addition reaction of alcohols to fluoroalkylated biaryl 1,3-oxoazepines, which furnished a wide range of bridged biaryls bearing a fluoroalkylated quaternary carbon stereocenter on the seven-membered ring in high yields (up to 99%) with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 98% ee). Our method can be used for the modification of several natural products and bioactive molecules. Preliminary studies revealed that the products obtained in this reaction exhibit good in vitro bioactivities against two plant pathogens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrief Bioinform
November 2024
School of Engineering, Westlake University, No. 600 Dunyu Road, 310030 Zhejiang, P.R. China.
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) offers remarkable insights into cellular development and differentiation by capturing the gene expression profiles of individual cells. The role of dimensionality reduction and visualization in the interpretation of scRNA-seq data has gained widely acceptance. However, current methods face several challenges, including incomplete structure-preserving strategies and high distortion in embeddings, which fail to effectively model complex cell trajectories with multiple branches.
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